Quiz about Science Review

Question 1

The Milky Way galaxy is described as a disk of stars orbiting a central point on the disk. Which of these best explains why people on Earth cannot see the entire shape of the Milky Way?

Accepted Answer

Earth is a part of this galaxy

Answer

Many more stars exist outside the galaxy

Answer

The stars in the center of the galaxy are extremely small.

Answer

The center of the galaxy consists of a dense cluster of stars.

Question 2

Based on this diagram which type of stars would belong to spectral class M and have the lowest luminosity?

Accepted Answer

Main Sequence Stars

Answer

Giants

Answer

Super Giants

Answer

White Dwarfs

Question 3

Based on this diagram which type of stars would belong to spectral class G and have the highest luminosity?

Accepted Answer

Super Giants

Answer

Main Sequence Stars

Answer

Giants

Answer

White Dwarfs

Question 4

Use the Hertzsprung Russell Diagram to answer the following question. How do the characteristics of Vega and Barnard's Star compare?

Accepted Answer

Vega is hotter and brighter than Barnard's Star.

Answer

Vega is cooler and less bright than Barnard's Star.

Answer

Vega is cooler and brighter than Barnard's Star.

Answer

Vega is hotter and less bright than Barnard's Star.

Question 5

Based on this diagram which type of stars would belong to spectral class B and have the lowest luminosity?

Accepted Answer

White Dwarfs

Answer

Main Sequence Stars

Answer

Giants

Answer

Super Giants

Question 6

The universe has may different components. Which list places four components of the universe in the most likely order from smallest to largest.

Accepted Answer

Asteroids, Planets, Stars, Galaxies

Answer

Planets, Stars, Galaxies, Asteroids

Answer

Asteroids, Stars, Planets, Galaxies

Answer

Galaxies, Stars, Planets, Asteroids

Question 7

A ball of gas that gives off heat and light.

Accepted Answer

Star

Answer

Nebula

Answer

Galaxy

Answer

Asteroid

Question 8

A group of stars held together by gravity.

Accepted Answer

Galaxy

Answer

Nebula

Answer

Solar System

Answer

Star

Question 9

A cloud of dust and gas where multiple stars are born.

Accepted Answer

Nebula

Answer

Galaxy

Answer

Solar System

Answer

Universe

Question 10

A word that describes the collection of all known things in space.

Accepted Answer

Universe

Answer

Solar System

Answer

Galaxy

Answer

Nebula

Question 11

A ball of ice and dust that has a tail when it travels near the Sun.

Accepted Answer

Comet

Answer

Asteroid

Answer

Meteorite

Answer

Planet

Question 12

A piece of rock that, after traveling through the atmosphere, lands on Earth.

Accepted Answer

Meteorite

Answer

Comet

Answer

Planet

Answer

Star

Question 13

A collection of planets, moons, and asteroids in orbit around a star.

Accepted Answer

Solar System

Answer

Galaxy

Answer

Comet

Answer

Universe

Question 14

A large rock in orbit in a "belt" between Mars and Jupiter.

Accepted Answer

Asteroid

Answer

Planet

Answer

Star

Answer

Solar System

Question 15

A rocky body in orbit around a planet.

Accepted Answer

Moon

Answer

Comet

Answer

Meteorite

Answer

Nebula

Question 16

The Milky Way

Accepted Answer

Galaxy

Answer

Star

Answer

Moon

Answer

Planet

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a star?  A star is a celestial body ---

Accepted Answer

composed of gases that emit light due to nuclear reactions

Answer

composed of rock and metal with a very high density

Answer

that is too big to be an asteroid, but too small to be a planet.

Answer

that rotates on an axis and revolves around the Sun

Question 18

Use the Hertrzsprung-Russell diagram to answer the following question.  A trend among the Main Sequence Stars is that

Accepted Answer

the hotter the star, the more brightly it burns

Answer

most of the stars are white or red

Answer

stars dimmer than the sun are of Blue

Answer

the larger stars emit light that is blue

Question 19

Galaxies are classified into all of the following types by their shapes except --

Accepted Answer

crescent

Answer

spiral

Answer

elliptical

Answer

lenticular

Question 20

Which of the following is an accurate description of the relationship between components of the universe?

Accepted Answer

Galaxies contain many stars

Answer

Stars always contain galaxies

Answer

Stars contain several nebulae

Answer

Nebulae contain many galaxies

Question 21

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following question.  Regulus belongs in which of the following classifications

Accepted Answer

Main Sequence Stars

Answer

Super Giants

Answer

Giants

Answer

White Dwarfs

Question 22

The stars and all the other matter in a galaxy are held together by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

gravity

Answer

Dark Matter

Answer

Inertia

Answer

magnetism

Question 23

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following questions.  In comparison to the Sun, Betelgeuse --

Accepted Answer

is cooler and brighter

Answer

is smaller in diameter

Answer

is brighter and hotter

Answer

is less bright but hotter

Question 24

A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is shown below.
Based on this diagram, which type of stars would belong to spectral class M and have the highest luminosity?

Accepted Answer

Supergiants

Answer

Main-sequence stars

Answer

Giants

Answer

White dwarfs

Question 25

Why does Earth get more energy from the sun than from all the other stars in the universe combined?

Accepted Answer

The sun is much closer than the other stars.

Answer

The sun is much larger than other stars.

Answer

The sun is much hotter than the other stars.

Answer

The sun is much more dense

Question 26

The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is provided, which is used for classifying stars based on the relationship between their brightness and their temperature and color. Regulus belongs in which of the following classifications?

Accepted Answer

Main Sequence Stars

Answer

Super Giants

Answer

Giants

Answer

White Dwarfs

Question 27

The illustration provided shows four locations in or near the Milky Way Galaxy. Which of the labeled locations shows the approximate position of the Sun?

Accepted Answer

W

Answer

X

Answer

Y

Answer

Z

Question 28

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following question. Spica is a _____

Accepted Answer

Hot and Bright Star

Answer

Cool and Bright Star

Answer

Hot and Dim Star

Answer

Cool and Dim Star

Question 29

How can you rearrange the words to match the diagram correctly in terms of size and space?

Accepted Answer

Galaxies in the largest circle, then Nebula, followed by the Solar System in the smallest circle.

Answer

Solar System in the largest circle, then Nebula, followed by the Galaxies in the smallest circle.

Answer

Nebula in the largest circle, then Galaxies, followed by the Solar System in the smallest circle.

Answer

The diagram is labeled correctly.

Question 30

Analyze this HR Diagram. Which group of stars is considered to have lower than average luminosity as well as a higher than average temperature?

Accepted Answer

White Dwarfs

Answer

Giants

Answer

Main Sequence

Answer

Super Giants

Question 31

Our Sun is located near the edge of a _____ ______ galaxy, named the ____________.

Accepted Answer

disc shaped, Milky Way

Answer

disc shaped, Solar System

Answer

elliptical shaped, Milky Way

Answer

elliptical shaped, Solar System

Question 32

Stars are classified on the HR diagram by:

Accepted Answer

temperature & absolute magnitude luminosity

Answer

luminosity & brightness

Answer

temperature & apparent magnitude

Answer

temperature & density

Question 33

Which star has the lowest luminosity?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 34

Which star has the lowest temperature?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 35

Which star has the lowest temperature?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 36

Which star is considered a Main Sequence Star?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 37

What type of galaxy is this?

Accepted Answer

Spiral

Answer

Elliptical

Answer

Irregular

Answer

Irrational

Question 38

The Hertzprung Russell Diagram consists of two axis that are labelled...

Accepted Answer

Luminosity and Temperature

Answer

Luminosity and Size

Answer

Luminosity and Age

Question 39

John observes three different colored stars.  What can John infer about the three stars

Accepted Answer

The three stars have different temperatures

Answer

The three stars have the same temperatures

Answer

The three stars have the same luminosity

Answer

The three stars have different luminosity

Question 40

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following question. Blue colored stars __________

Accepted Answer

are stars with hot temperatures

Answer

are stars with cool temperatures

Answer

are all stars with bright luminosity.

Answer

are all stars with dim luminosity

Question 41

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following question. Blue colored stars __________

Accepted Answer

are stars with hot temperatures

Answer

are stars with cool temperatures

Answer

are all stars with bright luminosity.

Answer

are all stars with dim luminosity

Question 42

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following question.  Red colored stars __________

Accepted Answer

are stars with cool temperatures

Answer

are stars with hot temperatures

Answer

are all stars with bright luminosity.

Answer

are all stars with dim luminosity

Question 43

Use the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram to answer the following question. White dwarf stars __________

Accepted Answer

are all stars with dim luminosity

Answer

are stars with cool temperatures

Answer

are stars with hot temperatures

Answer

are all stars with bright luminosity.

Question 44

Which term would be considered the smallest object?

Accepted Answer

Sun

Answer

Supercluster

Answer

Galaxy

Answer

Universe

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