Cell Cycle

Scientist have reported that more than 95% of the factors that lead to some types of cancers are caused by random DNA-copying errors. During which phase of the cell cycle do these DNA-copying errors most likely occur?

• S phase

• G1 phase

• G2 phase

• M phase

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Which of these properties is found only in cancer cells?

• Unregulated cell division

• Regulated gene expression

• Response to signals outside of the cell

• Presence of mitochondria

Normal cells have contact inhibition feedback mechanism that prevents the cells from replicating when other cells are touched. A diagram of cells with contact inhibition and cells without contact inhibition is shown. Which statement best describes what will happen to cells in an organism that lack contact inhibition?

• The cells will continue to grow, causing a tumor in the body.

• The cells will replicate normally, replacing body cells that die.

• The cells will replicate until the food supply for each cell is used, causing each cell to die.

• The cells will stop replicating once one layer is produced, as other body cells will crowd them out.

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During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind to enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this cycle, the cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide. Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in —

• the formation of tumors

• the immediate death of the cell

• the transfer of cyclins to other cells

• the formation of haploid cells

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

When cells lose their ability to regulate the cell cycle, they can divide at an accelerated rate and form a mass of cells. This mass of cells is referred to as —

• a tumor

• an embryo

• a gland

• an organ

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Dogs have 39 pairs of chromosomes in their somatic cells. In which part of the cell are these chromosomes replicated during the cell cycle? Select ONE correct answer.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which table shows two steps of DNA replication?

The diagram shows the major stages of the cell cycle and the percentage of time spent in each phase. Which statement best describes why a cell spends the majority of its time in interphase?

• The cell is growing and carrying out processes such as metabolism and DNA replication.

• The cell is aging and processes are stopping as lysosomes clear dead cell matter away.

• The cell needs time to synthesize spindle fibers to complete mitosis.

• The cell needs time to complete cytokinesis.

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?

• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis
• Interphase

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

During which part of the cell cycle does the cell divide?

• Interphase
• Mitosis
• S phase

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