Biochemical Reactions

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical pathways such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• They increase the temperature necessary for the reactions.

• They act as catalysts to speed up the reactions without being consumed.

• They provide the reactants needed for the reactions.

• They permanently change during the reaction to facilitate the process.

Which type of biochemical pathway involves building up smaller molecules into larger ones?

• Catabolic

• Exergonic

• Anabolic

• Metabolic

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

What is required to initiate all biochemical reactions, whether they are endergonic or exergonic?

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• Activation energy

• Water

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NGSS.HS-PS1-5

What is the primary role of enzymes in biochemical pathways?

• To provide energy for reactions

• To act as biological catalysts

• To store genetic information

• To transport molecules across cell membranes

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3

What is required for a chemical reaction to occur in terms of energy?

• Activation energy

• Kinetic energy

• Potential energy

• Thermal energy

How do enzymes affect the reaction rate in biochemical pathways?

• They decrease the reaction rate

• They change the reaction direction

• They increase the reaction rate without being consumed

• They provide the reactants for the reaction

What is the function of an active site in an enzyme?

• It binds to the substrate and helps in converting it into the product.

• It provides energy for the enzyme reactions.

• It stabilizes the enzyme structure.

• It stores the enzyme until needed.

Which model of enzyme specificity suggests that the enzyme changes its shape to fit the substrate?

• Lock-and-key model

• Induced fit model

• Active site model

• Substrate model

According to the lock-and-key model, how does the substrate interact with the enzyme?

• The substrate changes shape to fit the enzyme.

• The enzyme alters its structure after the substrate binds.

• The substrate fits exactly into the enzyme's active site without altering its structure.

• The enzyme and substrate form a temporary bond.

What is the sequence of steps in a general enzyme reaction?

• E + S → ES → E + P

• E + P → ES → E + S

• S + P → ES → E + S

• P + E → PE → ES + E