IGCSE Physics Thermal

Some gas in a sealed plastic bag is placed in a refrigerator to cool down. How do the gas molecules behave when this happens?

• They move more quickly and are closer together.

• They move more quickly and are further apart.

• They move more slowly and are closer together.

• They move more slowly and are further apart.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A measured mass of gas is placed in a cylinder at atmospheric pressure and is then slowly compressed.

If the temperature of the gas does not change, what happens to the pressure of the gas?

• It drops to zero.

• It decreases, but not to zero.

• It stays the same.

• It increases.

A mercury-in-glass thermometer is to be used to measure temperatures from 0 °C to 100 °C. Why is mercury suitable?

• Mercury expands when heated.

• Mercury has a boiling point below 100 °C.

• Mercury has a melting point above 0 °C.

• Mercury is a poor conductor.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A block of ice is heated at a constant rate. Eventually the melted ice boils. The graph shows how the temperature changes with time.

How many minutes did it take to melt all the ice?

• 4

• 7

• 11

• 13

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

How does thermal energy (heat energy) travel through the vacuum between the Earth and the Sun?

• by conduction

• by convection

• by radiation

• by radioactive decay

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

Two plastic cups are placed one inside the other. Hot water is poured into the inner cup and a lid is put on top as shown.

Which statement is correct?

• Heat loss by radiation is prevented by the small air gap.

• No heat passes through the sides of either cup.

• The bench is heated by convection from the bottom of the outer cup.

• The lid is used to reduce heat loss by convection.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which line in the table correctly describes whether the molecules of a solid, liquid and gas are moving or stationary?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Driving a car raises the temperature of the tyres. This causes the pressure of the air in the tyres to increase. Why is this?

• Air molecules break up to form separate atoms.

• Air molecules expand with the rise in temperature.

• The force between the air molecules increases.

• The speed of the air molecules increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

The diagram shows how the atoms in a substance rearrange themselves during a change of state.

Which change of state is shown?

• gas to liquid

• liquid to gas

• liquid to solid

• solid to liquid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Equal masses of two different liquids are put into identical beakers. They are heated from 20 °C to 30 °C by heaters of the same power. Liquid 2 takes twice as long to heat as liquid 1.

Which statement is correct?

• Both liquids receive the same amount of energy.

• Liquid 1 receives more energy than liquid 2.

• The thermal capacity of liquid 1 is equal to the thermal capacity of liquid 2.

• The thermal capacity of liquid 1 is less than the thermal capacity of liquid 2.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5