Arrhenius Acids and Bases

What can be explained by the Arrhenius theory?

• the behavior of many acids and bases

• the effect of stress on phase equilibrium

• the operation of an electrochemical cell

• the spontaneous decay of some nuclei

True or False.

Electrolytes e.g. NaCl ionize when dissolved in water, separating into positive and negative ions (charged particles) e.g. Na⁺ and Cl^-

• True

• False

Which type of substance yields hydrogen ions, H⁺, in an aqueous solution?

• an Arrhenius acid

• an Arrhenius base

• a saturated hydrocarbon

• an unsaturated hydrocarbon

Which substance is an acid?

• CH₄

• C₂H₅OH

• CH₃COOH

• C₃H₈

True or False.

A hydrogen ion H⁺ is also known as a proton.

• True

• False

A proton or H⁺ (hydrogen ion) reacts with water to form a

• hydroxide ion OH^-

• hydronium ion H₃O⁺

• carbonate ion CO₃^2-

• hydrogen carbonate HCO₃^-

A proton or H⁺ (hydrogen ion) forms what type of bond with water to form a hydronium ion H₃O⁺

• ionic bond

• coordinate covalent bond

• covalent bond

• network bond

Which compounds can be classified as acids?

• HCl and NaOH

• HNO₃ and NaCl

• NH₃ and H₂CO₃

• HBr and H₂SO₄

According to the Arrhenius theory, an acid is a substance that

• changes litmus from red to blue

• changes phenolphthalein from colorless to pink

• produces hydronium ions as the only positive ions in an aqueous solution

• produces hydroxide ions as the only negative ions in an aqueous solution

An arrhenius base

• produces H⁺ ions

• produces OH^- ions

• is insoluble

• has an i of 2