Self Test Ch 34

Which correctly describes phylogenetic relationships among birds, mammals, and reptiles?

• Birds share the closest common ancestor with
  dinosaurs.

• Reptiles and birds, but not mammals, are amniotes.

• Mammals evolved from therapsid reptiles after the fall of the
  dinosaurs.

• Birds and mammals are more closely related to each other
  than either group is to crocodilian reptiles.

• Among living species in the group we call reptiles, turtles and
  snakes are most closely related to each other.

Which group soon outcompeted amphibians on land due to their watertight skin and eggs?

• Birds

• mammals

• reptiles

• cyclostomes

• none of the above

Which chordate group has all four key chordate characteristics as an adult, not just as an embryo?

• lancelets

• tunicates

• frogs

• humans

Which osteichthyan structure allows bony fishes to control their buoyancy using gases from their blood?

• operculum

• lateral line system

• swim bladder

• cloaca

Which statement misdescribes the lateral line system?

• It can be found in aquatic gnathostomes.

• It is used in digestion.

• Lateral line organs form a row along each side of the body.

• Lateral line organs are sensitive to vibration.

Archaeopteryx differed from modern birds in that it _____.

• had feathered wings

• flew well at high speeds

• could not take off from a standing position

• had airfoil wings with contoured feathers

Which is the closest living group to the primates?

• birds

• reptiles

• monotremes

• amphibians

• There is not enough information to decide.

If you discovered a fossil that fit between the crocodilians and pterosaurs, what feature would it probably have?

• feathers

• amniote eggs

• fins

• wings

• milk

In which choice is the first group phylogenetically part of the second group?

• birds, reptiles

• eutherians, mammals

• cartilaginous fish, fish

• hominins, primates

• all of the above

Which is the oldest amniote group?

• birds

• turtles

• crocodilians

• pterosaurs

• plesiosaurs