Relationships in the Universe G08.CRM1.2

Card #8

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Ava learned that astronomers use satellites to study different parts of the Universe. Which of the following statements describes how another scientist can use satellites?

• A scientist can use satellites to study the composition of Earth's core.

• A scientist can use satellites to study the process of homeostasis within cells.

• Due to the heavy tree cover, scientists can use satellites to study animal behavior in the Amazon.

• Due to the remoteness and darkness of the polar regions, scientists can use satellites to collect data on climate change.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that satellites can effectively gather data in remote and dark polar regions, making them ideal for studying climate change, unlike the other options which are not feasible with satellite technology.

Elijah and Evelyn are working on a school project about space exploration. They learn that satellites are used mainly to gather light from astronomical objects. As they travel, the telescope's mirror captures light and directs it into its various science instruments. How is this technology advancing our understanding of the universe?

• It is capable of sending clear images of distant objects in order for scientists to study them.

• It is capable of sending audio communication to other planets in our solar system for them to respond.

• It is capable of counting individual atoms in a substance in order for scientists to study subatomic particles.

• It is capable of collecting samples from other planetary systems in the universe in order for scientists to study them.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights that satellites send clear images of distant objects, allowing scientists to study them in detail, which is crucial for advancing our understanding of the universe.

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

William and Charlotte are studying celestial bodies. They examine satellite images of the same object made with different waves of the electromagnetic spectrum. How does using different types of electromagnetic waves provide a more complete understanding of the celestial bodies?

• EM waves have the same energy which provides unique information.

• EM waves travel at different speeds which provide unique information.

• EM waves travel the same distance which provides unique information.

• EM waves have different wavelengths which provide unique information.

Answer explanation

Using different wavelengths of electromagnetic waves allows scientists to gather unique information about celestial bodies, as each wavelength interacts differently with materials, revealing various properties and features that are not visible in other wavelengths.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Aiden, William, and Ethan are placing cards on a chart that shows the approximate size of Earth, the Milky Way, the Moon, the Sun, and an asteroid. Their teacher put the Earth card in the correct place. Which point on the chart best represents the approximate size of an asteroid?

• point 1

• point 2

• point 3

• point 4

Answer explanation

Point 1 best represents the approximate size of an asteroid, as asteroids are significantly smaller than planets and stars, fitting within the scale of point 1 on the chart.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Abigail and Jackson are learning about space. Which of the following best describes a solar system?

• A collection of galaxies orbiting a central star

• A cluster of nebulae and black holes

• A group of stars bound together by gravity

• A star and all the objects that orbit it

Answer explanation

A solar system consists of a star and all the objects that orbit it, including planets, moons, asteroids, and comets. This definition distinguishes it from galaxies or clusters, making the correct choice clear.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

David, a meteorologist, was using satellites to study weather patterns. He noticed that visible light would get blocked by clouds, but electromagnetic waves with longer wavelengths could be detected. What type of sensor should David use?

• Sensors that detect x-rays.

• Sensors that detect gamma rays.

• Sensors that detect infrared waves.

• Sensors that detect ultraviolet waves.

Answer explanation

Meteorologists should use sensors that detect infrared waves because these longer wavelengths can penetrate clouds, allowing for better detection of temperature and moisture, unlike visible light which is blocked.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Nora is working on a science project to determine the distance between the planets Jupiter and Neptune in our solar system. What unit of measurement should she use?

• miles

• kilometers

• light-years

• astronomical units

Answer explanation

Astronomical units (AU) are the most suitable measurement for distances within our solar system, as they represent the average distance from the Earth to the Sun, making them ideal for comparing distances between planets like Jupiter and Neptune.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Liam is doing a presentation in class comparing the objects of space by their relative sizes. If “V” represents the Universe, what would “X” most likely represent?

• A planet because it is found within a solar system

• A solar system because it contains planets and stars.

• A nebula because that is what the planets formed from.

• A galaxy because it contains billions of stars and planets.

Answer explanation

In Gustavo's presentation, if 'V' represents the Universe, 'X' would most likely represent a solar system, as it contains planets and stars, making it a smaller component within the vast Universe.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Henry and Scarlett are discussing celestial objects. Using the data provided, which of the following objects is the closest to Earth?

• Sirius

• Betelgeuse

• Dwarf Planet 2

• Proxima Centauri

Answer explanation

Sirius is the closest star system to Earth, located about 8.6 light-years away. In comparison, Proxima Centauri is closer, but it is not listed as an option. Therefore, among the given choices, Sirius is the closest.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3