Periodic Table (6-15)

A mystery element has 18 protons. Which one of the following statements is true about the element?

• The element belongs in row 2 of the periodic table and is classified as a halogen.

• The element belongs in row 3 of the periodic table and is classified as a noble gas.

• The element belongs in row 4 of the periodic table and is classified as an alkali metal.

• The element belongs in row 5 of the periodic table and is classified as an alkaline earth metal.

The list identifies various properties of four elements:

Element 1 is a gas at room temperature.

Element 2 is a solid which conducts electricity.

Element 3 is a gas with an effective nuclear charge of +7.

Element 4 is malleable and can take the form of a shiny solid sheet.

Based on this list, which elements are metals?

• Elements 1 and 3

• Elements 1 and 4

• Elements 2 and 3

• Elements 2 and 4

Which pair of words correctly completes the statement?

Alkali metals are highly ___ since they ___ easily to form ions.

• nonreactive; lose 1 electron

• nonreactive; lose 2 electrons

• reactive; lose 1 electron

• reactive; gain 1 electron
  

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which arrangement of the following Period 5 elements, from left to right, orders them with respect to their atomic size, from smallest to largest?

• Rb; Sr; In; Sb; Te
  

• In; Rb; Sb; Sr; Te

• Te; Sb; In; Sr; Rb

• In; Sb; Te; Rb; Sr

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

The diagram shows the electron configuration around the chlorine nucleus. Chlorine has 17 protons. Which of the following correctly completes the statement? Chlorine has ____ valence electrons, and the effective nuclear charge, Zeff, for the chlorine atom shown is ______.

• 7; 7+

• 7; 7−

• 10; 7−

• 17; 7+

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Elements on the right side of the periodic table differ from the elements on the left side in that the elements on the right side

• are solid at room temperature.

• are good electrical conductors.

• generally have very high densities.

• tend to form ions by gaining electrons.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which set of elements have chemical properties similar to those of phosphorus?

• nitrogen, arsenic, and antimony

• carbon, selenium, and iodine

• silicon, sulfur, and germanium

• silicon, sulfur, and chlorine

Chlorine is a highly reactive element. It tends to gain one electron to become more stable. How does gaining one electron make chlorine more stable?

• Stability is increased with greater mass.

• Mobility is reduced in atoms with extra electrons.

• The outer energy level becomes the same as a noble gas.

• The most stable ratio of electrons to protons is achieved.

  The most stable ratio of electrons to protons is achieved.

The diagram below represents the Lewis dot structure for fluorine.

Which statement best describes the Lewis dot structure for fluorine?

• Fluorine has a total of seven electrons.

• Fluorine generally forms an ion by losing one electron.

• Fluorine tends to form seven ionic bonds.

• Fluorine has one electron available to form a covalent bond.

  Fluorine has one electron available to form a covalent bond.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Which element has 2 electrons in the outermost energy level?

• cesium (Cs)

• magnesium (Mg)

• boron (B)

• argon (Ar)