Quiz on Reasoning and Arguments

What is an argument in the context of reasoning?

• A random opinion

• A statement without evidence

• An opinion about a debatable topic supported by reasons and evidence

• A fact that cannot be debated

What is the central idea in an argument called?

• Evidence

• Claim

• Reason

• Justification

What does reasoning refer to in the context of arguments?

• The process of guessing

• The thinking process applied to an argument

• The act of arguing loudly

• The collection of random thoughts

Which type of reasoning begins with general statements and ends with a specific conclusion?

• Inductive Reasoning

• Abductive Reasoning

• Deductive Reasoning

• Random Reasoning

Which type of reasoning uses specific OBSERVATIONS to arrive at general conclusions?

• Deductive Reasoning

• Inductive Reasoning

• Abductive Reasoning

• Creative Reasoning

What is an example of inductive reasoning?

• Premise: Whales are mammals. Conclusion: A beluga is a mammal.

• Observation: The bakery across the street always has a line out the door. Conclusion: The bakery sells delicious treats.

• Pattern: My grandparents have gray hair. Conclusion: All elderly people have gray hair.

• Observation: The sky is blue. Conclusion: The ocean is blue.

What is the purpose of justifications in an argument?

• To confuse the reader

• To explain the reasons for the claim

• To provide unrelated information

• To make the argument longer

What are logical fallacies?

• Errors in reasoning

• Correct conclusions

• Mathematical mistakes

• Scientific theories

What does a hasty generalization involve?

• A conclusion without sufficient evidence

• A well-researched argument

• A detailed analysis

• A scientific experiment

What is a red herring used for?

• Distracting from an argument

• Supporting a conclusion

• Providing evidence

• Explaining a theory