Intellectual Property Basics

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Intellectual property

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A category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect.

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Patents

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Exclusive rights granted for an invention, which allows the patent holder to exclude others from making, using, or selling the invention.

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Copyrights

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Legal rights given to the creator of original works of authorship, such as literary, dramatic, musical, and certain other intellectual works.

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Trademarks

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Symbols, names, and slogans used to identify goods or services and distinguish them from others.

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Infringement

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Violation of the exclusive rights attached to a patent, copyright, or trademark.

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Novel

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A requirement for patentability that the invention must be new and not known to the public before the patent application.

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Monopoly

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Exclusive control over the trade or supply of a commodity or service, often granted by patents.

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Derivative

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A work based upon one or more preexisting works, such as a sequel or adaptation.

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First Sale

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A doctrine that allows the purchaser of a copyrighted item to sell or otherwise dispose of that particular copy, notwithstanding the interests of the copyright owner.

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Fair use

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A legal doctrine that permits limited use of copyrighted material without acquiring permission from the rights holders.