Standard Deviation and Correlation Coefficient

What does the standard deviation measure in a dataset?

• a) The average value of the data
  

• b) The spread or variability of the data
  

• c) The total sum of the data
  

• d) The median value of the data

  
  

Which of the following is a characteristic of a dataset with a high standard deviation?

• a) The data points are closely clustered around the mean
  

• b) The data points are widely spread out from the mean
  

• c) The data points are evenly distributed
  

• d) The data points are all equal to the mean

  
  

How is the standard deviation calculated?

• a) Taking the square root of the sum of squared deviations from the mean
  

• b) Finding the average of the data points
  

• c) Dividing the sum of the data points by the number of data points
  

• d) Subtracting the mean from each data point

  
  

What does a correlation coefficient of -1 indicate?

• a) There is a perfect positive linear relationship between the variables
  

• b) There is no relationship between the variables
  

• c) There is a perfect negative linear relationship between the variables
  

• d) The correlation coefficient cannot be negative

  
  

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest linear relationship between two variables?

• a) 0
  

• b) -0.5
  

• c) 0.8
  

• d) 1

  
  

If the correlation coefficient between two variables is 0.3, what kind of relationship do they have?

• a) A strong negative linear relationship
  

• b) A weak positive linear relationship
  

• c) No relationship
  

• d) A strong positive linear relationship

  
  

What is the range of possible values for a correlation coefficient?

• a) -1 to 1
  

• b) 0 to 100
  

• c) -∞ to ∞
  

• d) 1 to ∞

  
  

If the standard deviation of a dataset is 0, what can be said about the data?

• a) All data points are zero
  

• b) There is no variability in the data
  

• c) The data is perfectly normally distributed
  

• d) The mean of the data is zero