Genetics and Inheritance Concepts

Front

What is the Law of Independent Assortment?

Back

The Law of Independent Assortment states that different traits are inherited independently of each other during the formation of gametes.

Front

What fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds based on a Punnett square showing a 3:1 ratio?

Back

3/16 of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds.

Front

What does a heterozygous genotype look like?

Back

A heterozygous individual has one dominant and one recessive allele, represented as 'Hh'.

Front

What is the genotype for a pea plant that is homozygous for round seeds and heterozygous for yellow seeds?

Back

The genotype is 'RRYy', where 'RR' represents homozygous round seeds and 'Yy' represents heterozygous yellow seeds.

Front

If you cross two homozygous pea plants (RRYY x rryy), what percent of the offspring will have round and yellow seeds?

Back

100% of the offspring will have round and yellow seeds.

Front

Define genotype.

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, specifically the alleles present for a particular trait.

Front

Define phenotype.

Back

Phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genotype and environmental influences.

Front

What is a Punnett square used for?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

Back

Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait (e.g., 'HH' or 'hh'), while heterozygous means having two different alleles (e.g., 'Hh').

Front

What does it mean for a trait to be dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.