Q3: Spiral Review 3

The diagram below shows several layers of rock and associated geologic features that have occurred throughout Earth’s history. Which sequence shows the order in which each rock layer or geologic event occurred?

• S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

• S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z, U

• Z, Y, S, T, V, W, X, U

• U, Z, Y, X, W, V, T, S

Which explains the faulting of sedimentary rock layers that can provide evidence of Earth’s history?

• It is when erosion or no deposition occurs in sedimentary rock layers.

• It is when bending, breaking, and shifting occurs in sedimentary rock layers.

• It is when melting, cooling, and solidification changes sedimentary rock layers.

• It is when heat causes chemical and physical changes to sedimentary rock layers.

Fossils of an aquatic organism are found at the top of a mountain. How does this explain events in Earth’s history?

• This area was mountainous and once flooded due to extended periods of precipitation.

• This area used to be under an ancient shallow sea before mountain building occurred.

• This area was ideal for aquatic organisms to become land organisms, and then migrate to the mountain tops for food.

• This area had several predators that would catch aquatic organisms, and then drag their prey to the top of the mountains to eat.

Fossils were used to determine that younger rock layers were laid down on top of older rock layers at a field study site. Which explains how this helps find the relative age of the rock layers?

• It shows that the rock layers have been overturned.

• It shows that the rock layers are composed of many minerals.

• It shows that the fossils dating the rock layers can be inaccurate.

• It shows that the rock layers formed according to the Law of Superposition.

The diagram below shows sedimentary rock layers that contain fossils. Which explains the relative age of the fish fossil located in Rock Layer 4?

• The Fish fossil is older than Rock Layer 5 and Trilobites.

• The Fish fossil is older than Rock Layer 3 and Amphibians.

• The Fish fossil is younger than Rock Layer 1 and Mammals.

• The Fish fossil is younger than Rock Layer 2 and Dinosaurs.

Which form of energy production has an end product that must be discarded carefully?

• coal

• hydroelectric

• nuclear

• solar

Which would most likely result from deforestation for energy production?

• Carbon dioxide would increase in the atmosphere, resulting in higher global temperatures.

• Carbon dioxide would decrease in the atmosphere, resulting in lower global temperatures.

• Sulfur dioxide would increase in the atmosphere, resulting in higher global temperatures.

• Sulfur dioxide would decrease in the atmosphere, resulting in lower global temperatures.

Which will occur if humans continue to overload water systems with excess nutrients?

• chemosynthesis

• eutrophication

• nitrification

• photosynthesis

The diagram below shows relative impact of nonpoint source pollution. Which aquatic environment would benefit the most from reduced runoff from lawns treated with fertilizers?

• lakes

• estuaries

• rivers and lakes

• estuaries and lakes

The citizens of a small fishing town are meeting to discuss a proposed new power plant. Paul, a local reporter, recorded the number of people who spoke at the meeting and what their top priorities were. Based on the data, what should the headline of Paul's story be?

• Town wants coal, coal, and more coal!

• Onward to the future, town to go nuclear!

• Sunny days ahead, the people want solar!

• Get caught in the current with hydropower!