ARGUMENTATION & DEBATE

The Sophists focused on which primary skill for their students in Ancient Greece?

• Logical reasoning

• Oratorical skills

• Scientific experimentation

• Artistic expression

What are the three modes of persuasion described by Aristotle?

• Rhetoric, logic, and ethos

• Ethics, emotion, and pathos

• Ethos, pathos, and logos

• Knowledge, truth, and logic

Who is known for inventing the concept of "antilogic"?

• Plato

• Aristotle

• Socrates

• Protagoras

What does the term "syllogism" primarily refer to in argumentation?

• A truncated argument

• A systematic arrangement of arguments

• A rhetorical device

• A persuasive conclusion

What is the first step in Toulmin's model of argumentation?

• Grounds

• Claim

• Warrant

• Backing

In what way did Plato critique the Sophists' approach to rhetoric?

• He argued it lacked logical structure.

• He believed it led to moral corruption.

• He suggested it focused on emotions over truth.

• He claimed it was not an art form.

How does "conditional syllogism" differ from "categorical syllogism"?

• It uses specific instances instead of generalizations.

• It deals with uncertain or hypothetical events.

• It focuses solely on deductive reasoning.

• It excludes minor premises in its structure.

What is the primary purpose of the "modal qualifier" in Toulmin's model?

• To provide additional data

• To establish the strength of the claim

• To offer a rebuttal

• To link grounds and claim

How does Aristotle’s concept of "logos" differ from "pathos"?

• Logos appeals to ethics, while pathos appeals to logic.

• Logos appeals to logic, while pathos appeals to emotion.

• .Logos focuses on persuasion, while pathos focuses on evidence.

• Logos requires emotional proof, while pathos requires logical reasoning.

What is one of the defining features of deductive reasoning in argumentation?

• It moves from specific cases to general conclusions.

• It uses probabilities to establish claims.

• It progresses from generalizations to specific applications.

• It relies on emotional appeals.