study guide periodic table

How do you determine the identity of an element?

• number of protons

• number of neutrons

• number of negatrons

• number of electrons

Answer explanation

The identity of an element is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus. This number, known as the atomic number, uniquely identifies the element, while neutrons and electrons do not define the element's identity.

Elements in group 1...

• Are called the Alkali Metals

• Are the most reactive metals

• Want to lose 1 electron

• Are nonreactive and very stable

Answer explanation

Elements in group 1 are known as Alkali Metals, which are highly reactive and tend to lose one electron to achieve stability. Therefore, they are characterized by their reactivity and electron loss.

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What property does element X have based on it's location on the table?

• Highly reactive, gaseous

• radioactive substance, manmade

• nonreactive, nonmetal

• metallic solid

Answer explanation

Element X is located in the nonmetals section of the periodic table, indicating it is nonreactive and typically exists as a gas or solid. Thus, the correct property is nonreactive, nonmetal.

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Write the electron configuration, using the following format: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 etc. You must use exactly the right format to get the credit, so take note of the spaces between orbitals.

Answer explanation

The electron configuration is written by filling orbitals in order of increasing energy. For example, for Neon (atomic number 10), the correct configuration is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6, with spaces between orbitals as specified.

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columns are called

• groups

• periods

• ionic

• doric

• corinthian

Answer explanation

In chemistry, columns in the periodic table are referred to as 'groups'. Each group contains elements with similar properties, distinguishing them from other classifications like periods, which are the rows.

rows are called

• periods

• energy levels

• groups

• valence electrons

Answer explanation

In the periodic table, rows are referred to as periods. Each period corresponds to a principal energy level of electrons in an atom, distinguishing them from groups, which are the columns.

elements in the same group share the same

• outer shell electron configuration

• energy level

Answer explanation

Elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same outer shell electron configuration, which determines their chemical properties. This is why they behave similarly in reactions.

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the s and p blocks energy level

• same as row number

• 1 less than row number

• 2 less than row number

Answer explanation

The s and p blocks of the periodic table correspond to the same energy level as the row number. For example, elements in the second row have their s and p orbitals in the second energy level.

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the d block energy level

• the same as row number

• 1 less than row number

• 2 less than row number

Answer explanation

The d block elements are found in the transition metals, which are located one row below their corresponding period number. Therefore, the energy level of the d block is 1 less than the row number.

the f block energy level

• the same as the row number

• 1 less than row number

• 2 less than row number

Answer explanation

The f block elements are found in the 4f and 5f rows of the periodic table, which correspond to the 6th and 7th periods. Therefore, the energy level of the f block is 2 less than the row number.