8.2 The cell structure

Which of the following is a common misconception about prokaryotic cells?

• They are more complex than eukaryotic cells.
• They are single-celled organisms.
• They contain a nucleus.
• They are always larger than eukaryotic cells.

Which of the following statements accurately describes prokaryotic cells?

• They are larger and more complex than eukaryotic cells.
• They are only found in multicellular organisms.
• They have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
• They do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

How does the structure of eukaryotic cells contribute to their complexity?

• They lack a nucleus, making them simpler.
• They contain various organelles with specific functions.
• They do not perform cellular respiration.
• They are always smaller than prokaryotic cells.

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

• To store genetic information.
• To produce energy for the cell.
• To act as a barrier between the cell and its environment.
• To transport materials within the cell.

What role does the cytoplasm play in a cell?

• It stores the cell's DNA.
• It transports materials to and from the nucleus.
• It protects the cell from external damage.
• It is the site for many cellular processes.

In what way does the Golgi apparatus contribute to cellular function?

• It stores genetic information.
• It modifies and packages proteins and lipids.
• It synthesizes proteins.
• It generates ATP for energy.

How does the rough endoplasmic reticulum differ from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

• The rough ER is involved in protein synthesis, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis.
• The rough ER has no ribosomes, while the smooth ER has many.
• The rough ER is found only in plant cells, while the smooth ER is found in animal cells.
• The rough ER is responsible for energy production, while the smooth ER is not.

Which of the following best describes the nucleus's function in a cell?

• It controls cellular activities by managing genetic information.
• It produces energy for the cell.
• It transports proteins throughout the cell.
• It synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates.

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell?

• Ribosome
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Golgi apparatus

What can be inferred about the relationship between mitochondria and energy production in cells?

• Mitochondria only function in plant cells.
• Mitochondria are essential for producing ATP through cellular respiration.
• Mitochondria produce energy through photosynthesis.
• Mitochondria are not involved in energy production.