2025 Cells

Mitochondria provide ribosomes with

• ATP for protein synthesis

• amino acids for protein synthesis

• oxygen for respiration

• carbon dioxide for the production of sugars

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

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An ameba is a single-celled, heterotrophic organism. In order to meet its energy needs, it relies directly on the interaction of which cell structures?

• chloroplasts and the cell membrane

• the cell membrane and mitochondria

• nucleus and ribosomes

• vacuoles and the nucleus

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

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A land-dwelling organism, A, and an aquatic single-celled organism, B, are represented below. Which statement best explains how A and B are able to survive in their environments?

• The organelles in B perform similar functions to the organ systems in A.

• The transport system in B is more complex than the transport system in A.

• Both A and B take in oxygen from the water.

• Only A can pass on traits to offspring.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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Bacteria and humans are similar in that they both

• contain genetic material

• are single-celled

• lack cell organelles

• carry out autotrophic nutrition

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A photograph of human cells as seen with a compound light microscope is shown below. A cell structure is labeled A. Structure A is most likely a

• mitochondrion that synthesizes food for the cell

• nucleus that is the site of food storage

• mitochondrion that absorbs energy from the Sun

• nucleus that is responsible for the storage of information

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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The diagram below represents the organization of structures within an organism. Which term best indicates the structures represented by the circle labeled X?

• organelles

• chromosomes

• organ systems

• tissues

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When onion cells are observed with a compound light microscope, which laboratory technique is used to make the nucleus more visible?

• centrifugation

• chromatography

• microdissection

• staining

The diagram below represents changes in the sizes of openings present in leaves as a result of the actions of cells X and Y. The actions of cells X and Y help the plant to:

• maintain homeostasis by controlling water loss

• store excess heat during the day and remove the heat at night

• absorb light energy necessary for cellular respiration

• detect changes in the biotic factors present in the environment

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Scientists who study rock formations in caves describe some of the formations as "living rock" because, under certain conditions, they increase in size. Which statement would best dispute the claim that these rock formations are living?

• Rocks are not composed of cells, while living organisms are.

• Rocks perform complex metabolic processes, but cannot grow.

• Rocks cannot reproduce sexually.

• Rocks remain stable in a wide range of physical conditions.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

The table below provides some information concerning organelles and organs. Based on this information, which statement accurately compares organelles to organs?

• Functions are carried out more efficiently by organs than by organelles.

• Organs maintain homeostasis while organelles do not.

• Organelles carry out functions similar to those of organs.

• Organelles function in multicellular organisms while organs function in single-celled organisms.