ESS IBDP 2.3 HL Biogeochemical Cycles

The lithosphere contains carbon stores in fossil fuels and in rocks, such as .............., that contain calcium carbonate.

• Granite

• Basalt

• Sandstone

• Limestone

Reef-building corals and molluscs have hard parts that contain ........................ that can become fossilized in limestone.

• Calcium Carbonate

• Methane

• Nitrogen

• Oil

......................... is produced from dead organic matter in anaerobic conditions by methanogenic bacteria.

• Carbon Dioxide

• Carbon Monoxide

• Methane

• Ammonia

Organic nitrogen stores in ecosystems consist of ................ and other nitrogenous carbon compounds in living organisms and in dead organic matter.

• Carbohydrates

• Fats

• Proteins

• Vitamins

............... is conversion of nitrogen from the atmosphere into ammonia

• Nitrification

• Denitrification

• Nitrogen fixation

• Ammonification

The Haber process is an industrial process that produces ammonia from nitrogen and ............... for use as fertilizer.

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Carbon

• Carbon Dioxide

In waterlogged soils, insectivorous plants (for example, pitcher plants and

sundews) can capture and digest insects and use them as a .......... source.

• Carbon

• Nitrogen

• Oxygen

• Carbon Dioxide

Excess nitrates in fertilizer can enter water bodies and phytoplanktonic algal blooms. Which of the following is not a result of this form of pollution?

• Eutrophication

• A decrease in dissolved oxygen levels

• A decrease in biodiversity

• Increased growth of macrophytes