Thinking and Problem Solving

When trying to solve a complicated math problem, you decide to use a logical, step-by-step formula. This formula is called a:

• heuristic

• insight

• algorithm

• primer

Mental shortcuts that help us solve problems and reduce mental effort are called:

• algorithms

• syllogisms

• propositions

• heuristics

A mental grouping of similar things, events or people is called a(n):

• Prototype
• Concept
• Algorithm
• Heuristic

Match the following

• A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently.

• Insight

• A sudden realization of a problem's solution, contrasts with strategy-based solutions.

• Algorithm

• A methodological, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem.

• Heuristic

When asked to think of a bird, many people think of a robin. In this case a robin is people's ​ (a)   for a bird.

• prototype
• concept
• creative idea
• convergent grouping
• cognition

Discuss the role of schemas in cognitive processes and provide an example.

• A) Schemas help in organizing and interpreting new information based on existing knowledge

• B) Schemas are responsible for encoding information into long-term memory

• C) Schemas help in retrieving information from memory

• D) Schemas are responsible for the consolidation of memories

What is the difference between assimilation and accommodation?

• Assimilation is modifying existing schemas to fit new information, while accommodation is fitting new information into existing schemas.

• Assimilation is the process of creating new schemas to fit new information, while accommodation is the process of fitting new information into existing schemas.

• Assimilation is fitting new information into existing schemas, while accommodation is modifying existing schemas to fit new information.

• Assimilation is the process of modifying existing schemas to fit new information, while accommodation is the process of creating new schemas to fit new information.

What is the role of schemas in cognitive development?

• Schemas are irrelevant in cognitive development.

• Schemas are the building blocks of knowledge, used for organizing past experiences and providing a framework for future understanding.

• Schemas only hinder cognitive development.

• Schemas have no impact on cognitive development.

What is a prototype?

• A concept with characteristics defined by clear rules

• A mental representation of the “best example” of a concept

• A concept without clearly defined characteristics

• A process or set of steps to solve a problem

What is cognition?

• Processes of thought such as attending, knowing, remembering, and making decisions

• A concept without clearly defined characteristics

• A mental representation of objects and categories

• A concept with characteristics defined by clear rules