Biology Chapter 4 Test

The Earth’s ability to maintain its balance indefinitely by cycling water and other resources is known as...

• sustainability
• recycling theory
• ecological stasis
• biogeochemical cycles

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Which of the following is NOT part of the water cycle?

• Transpiration
• Evaporation
• Precipitation
• Fixation

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Water exits the leaves of plants during the process of...

• boiling
• precipitation
• transpiration
• condensation

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Most free oxygen (O2) in the earth’s atmosphere is produced by...

• volcanic eruptions
• photosynthesis in plants and algae
• burning fossil fuels
• decomposing organic matter

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Living things can’t use atmospheric nitrogen gas. The nitrogen must first be ___, or converted to an organic form that plants can use.

• synthesized
• fixed
• absorbed
• titrated

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Nitrogen can be fixed by....

• bacteria in roots of legumes
• bacteria in the soil
• lightning strikes
• all of the above

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Population density is the...

• number of individuals per unit of area
• ratio of one species to the total number of species
• total number of species in an area
• total number of populations in an area

Trout growth is determined by food availability. A young wild trout might grow only 3-4 inches in length during its first year of life, while a well-fed hatchery trout can reach 9 inches in the same amount of time. In this example, food availability is a(n) ______ for trout growth.

• inhibitor
• carrying capacity
• limiting factor
• exponential resource

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Under ideal conditions, a single E. coli bacterium can grow into a colony of over 2 million in less than seven hours. Scientists call this ___ growth.

• logistic
• exponential
• explosive
• successive

Eurasian collared doves have been rapidly expanding their range throughout the Northern Hemisphere. As doves move into new areas, their numbers grow rapidly. However, their population growth rate eventually tapers off as competition for resources increases. At this point, the doves are approaching the ___ of their new territory.

• carrying capacity
• limiting factor
• population density
• stable point

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