World History SEM 1 Final

Which of the following best describes feudalism?

• A centralized system of government led by a divine monarch

• A medieval social system based on land ownership and loyalty

• A democratic system with elected officials

• A market-based economy with free trade

Who was known as the "Sun King" and built the Palace of Versailles?

• Philip II

• Peter the Great

• Louis XIV

• Napoleon Bonaparte

Which Enlightenment thinker argued for natural rights such as life, liberty, and property?

• Montesquieu

• Voltaire

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

What was the primary cause of the American Revolution?

• Social inequality and poor harvests

• High taxation without representation

• Discontent among the clergy and nobility

• Industrialization and labor disputes

What document declared that "all men are born free and equal in rights"?

• Magna Carta

• Declaration of Independence

• Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

• English Bill of Rights

The Industrial Revolution began in which country?

• France

• Germany

• Great Britain

• United States

What invention by James Watt significantly advanced the Industrial Revolution?

• The Spinning Jenny

• The steam engine

• The telephone

• The light bulb

Urbanization during the Industrial Revolution often led to:

• Improved living conditions for all

• A decrease in pollution

• Overcrowded tenements and poor sanitation

• A return to rural farming practices

Match the following

• A system where goods were produced in la

• Factory System

• A system where kings held complete and u

• Vassal

• A person granted land in exchange for lo

• Social Contract

• A period of violence during the French R

• Absolute Monarchy

• An agreement where people give up some f

• Reign of Terror

Explain two key reasons why feudalism declined and absolute monarchies rose in Europe.

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Answer explanation

Kings relied less on lords for military support due to professional armies.

Economic shifts, including urbanization and the decline of serfdom, weakened the feudal system.