Quiz about Mid Term Exam Review

Question 1

Mesosaurus is a reptile that has been extinct for nearly 300 million years. Fossil remains of this animal have been found in both South America and Africa.

Which statement explains the location of these fossils on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean?

Accepted Answer

South America and Africa were once connected.

Answer

Mesosaurus crossed land bridges with early humans.

Answer

Adaptations resulted in identical species in different ecosystems.

Answer

The reptile changed into a marine organism and swam the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 2

The map below shows the boundary between the South American plate and the African plate. The red arrows on each plate show which direction the plate is moving relative to the other plate. Which kind of tectonic plate boundary is this?

Accepted Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Transform boundary

Question 3

What geologic term best describes the process being shown?

Accepted Answer

Sea-floor spreading

Answer

Hotspots

Answer

Mountain building

Answer

Subduction

Question 4

Which is the oldest rock layer?

Accepted Answer

A.

Answer

G.

Answer

B.

Answer

E.

Question 5

What are fossils that are abundant, easily recognizable, short lived, and widespread called?

Accepted Answer

Index fossils

Answer

Preserved fossils

Answer

Imprints

Answer

Radioactive dating

Question 6

The movement shown in the map indicates that Africa's continental crust is splitting apart in the East African Rift.

As a result of this divergence, what can you predict will happen in the East African Rift region in about five million years?

Accepted Answer

The sea will flood the lowlands when the rift reaches the ocean.

Answer

Subduction will result in more volcanic activity.

Answer

The land will become flat as the crust continues to thicken.

Answer

the rift-basin valley will be pushed up into a mountain range.

Question 7

At which type of boundary will new crust be created

Accepted Answer

Divergent Boundary

Answer

Transform Boundary

Answer

Collision Boundary

Answer

Convergent Boundary

Question 8

Look at the seismogram below. What is the difference in times between P and S wave at seismic station ?

Accepted Answer

4 minutes

Answer

5 seconds

Answer

5 minutes

Answer

4 seconds

Question 9

What behavior of S-waves is useful to scientist studying Earth based on the P-wave behavior and S-wave behavior diagrams?

Accepted Answer

S-waves are unable to travel through some materials and can help scientist identify layers of Earth's interior.

Answer

S-waves travel faster than P-waves and can alter scientist to future earthquakes

Answer

S-waves travel to more locations on Earth's surface and show up on more seismographs.

Answer

S-waves are unable to reach depths below the crust so scientist can record wave speeds along Earth's surface.

Question 10

Alfred Wegener named his single supercontinent ___________________, which means "whole earth" in ancient Greek.

Accepted Answer

Pangaea

Answer

Pandora

Answer

Gondwanaland

Answer

Persia

Question 11

Select the two (2) processes that occur at mid-ocean ridges.

Accepted Answer

Material rises from the mantle to the crust.

Accepted Answer

Thermal energy (heat) rises from the mantle to the crust.

Answer

Sediments from the crust sink into the mantle.

Answer

Crustal rock subducts into the mantle and melts.

Answer

Tsunami waves transfer energy from the crust to the mantle

Question 12

What was Wegener's continental drift theory?

Accepted Answer

The continents have moved slowly apart to their current locations.

Answer

The continents have always been located at their current locations.

Answer

The continents are moving slowly together from their current locations.

Answer

None of these.

Question 13

The ____________________________ is the layer that makes up the tectonic plates.

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Mid-Ocean Ridge

Answer

Plates

Question 14

The map shows the boundaries of tectonic plates in the South Pacific. Several cities on the map are labeled.

A company wants to build skyscrapers in all of these cities

Choose three (3) cities where earthquake-resistant technology would be most important in building these skyscrapers

Accepted Answer

Shilong

Accepted Answer

Osaka

Accepted Answer

Wellington

Answer

Sydney

Answer

Shanghai

Question 15

The continents of South America and Africa were once joined in the landmass Pangaea. Location R is on the eastern coast of South America, the four locations on the continent of Africa are identified by number.

Which location on the continent of Africa would have once corresponded to Location R on South America before the landmass Pangaea broke apart?

Accepted Answer

Location 3

Answer

Location 1

Answer

Location 2

Answer

Location 4

Question 16

The Earth's core is

Accepted Answer

hotter than both the crust and the mantle.

Answer

cooler than both the crust and the mantle.

Answer

hotter than the crust but cooler than the mantle.

Answer

cooler than the crust but hotter than the mantle.

Question 17

The composition of Earth from its surface to its center 6,300 kilometers (km) down can be studied using seismic waves. There are two basic types of seismic waves, S-waves and P-waves. Students studying Earth's interior are given the following information about P and S waves and how they travel through Earth.

- S-waves Travel only through solids
- P-waves at 30 km depth change direction.
- P-waves can travel through solids and liquids.
- S-waves and P-waves are detected from 5,200 km to 6,300 km deep.
- P-waves, but no S-waves, are detected from 2,900 km to 5,200 km deep.
- S-waves and P-waves are detected from the surface (0km) to 2,900 km deep.

Select FOUR (4) statements that can be concluded from the information.

Accepted Answer

There is a density change that occurs at 2,900 km and 5,200 km

Accepted Answer

There is a liquid layer from 2,900 km to 5,200 km

Accepted Answer

The densest material is found from 5,200 km to 6,300 km

Accepted Answer

There is a change in density occurring at 30 km

Answer

There is a boundary between solid and liquid layers at 30 km

Question 18

The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle again is called ________________.

Accepted Answer

Subduction

Answer

Mid-ocean Ridge

Answer

Rising

Answer

This is not the answer....

Question 19

Originally the Continental Drift Theory was not well received by other scientist. Why?

Accepted Answer

The scientist didn't know the force responsible for moving the continents.

Answer

There was a competing theory at the time which was more believable.

Answer

There was no data showing the continents ever moved.

Answer

the scientist presenting the data was unreliable.

Question 20

Before the present theory of plate tectonics, scientists used the hypothesis of continental drift to propose that Earth's continents are in motion. Which of the following were initially used to support the hypothesis of continental drift?

I. the matching shapes of continent edges

II. similar fossils on different continents

III. matching rock types on different continents

IV. evidence in the rock record for climate change

Accepted Answer

I, II, III, and IV

Answer

I and IV only

Answer

II, III, and IV only

Answer

II and III only

Question 21

Scientists discover the fossil of an ancient fish in a layer of rock in a desert.

Select TWO (2) statements that explain how a fish fossil could be present in an environment where no modern fish live.

Accepted Answer

The rock formed at a time when the area was an aquatic environment.

Accepted Answer

The fish became extinct when its environment slowly changed to one where it could not survive.

Answer

An ancestor of the fish lived in a desert environment.

Answer

The fish adapted over time to require a water environment.

Question 22

A scientist studies undisturbed sedimentary rock layers and records her findings in the diagram shown.

The scientist is surprised that only the bottom layer has fish fossils.