S1 Review Quiz- How much do you remember?

A scientist observes the galaxy shown, which has an oval shape and contains very little gas or dust. What type of galaxy is it?

• Spiral galaxy

• Irregular galaxy

• Elliptical galaxy

Answer explanation

The observed galaxy is oval-shaped and has little gas or dust, characteristics typical of an elliptical galaxy. In contrast, spiral galaxies have distinct arms and irregular galaxies lack a defined shape.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

A star with a temperature of 5000 K and a luminosity of 10² would belong to which group on the HR diagram?

• White Dwarfs

• Main Sequence

• Red Giants

• Red Supergiants

Answer explanation

A star with a temperature of 5000 K and a luminosity of 10^2 falls within the Red Giants region on the HR diagram, as it is cooler and more luminous than main sequence stars, indicating a later evolutionary stage.

In June, the season in the SOUTHERN hemisphere is...

• Spring

• Summer

• Fall

• Winter

Answer explanation

In June, the Southern Hemisphere experiences winter. This is because the seasons are opposite to those in the Northern Hemisphere, where June marks the beginning of summer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The property of a star that determines what happens at the end of its life cycle is its...

• Size

• Brightness

• Temperature

• Mass

Answer explanation

The mass of a star is the key factor that determines its life cycle and ultimate fate. Higher mass stars end their lives in supernovae, while lower mass stars may become white dwarfs. Thus, mass is the correct answer.

Which of Newton's 3 Laws best explains the phenomenon shown in the video?

• 1st Law- Law of Inertia

• 2nd Law- Law of Acceleration

• 3rd Law- Law of Action/Reaction

Answer explanation

The 1st Law, or Law of Inertia, states that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by a force. This explains the phenomenon in the video, as it illustrates how objects resist changes in their state of motion.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

A ball with a mass of 5 kg is pushed with a force of 50 N. What is the acceleration of the ball?

• 250 m/s²

• 50 m/s²

• 10 m/s²

• 0.10 m/s²

Answer explanation

Using Newton's second law, F = ma, we can find acceleration (a) by rearranging the formula to a = F/m. Here, a = 50 N / 5 kg = 10 m/s². Thus, the correct answer is 10 m/s².

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

What kind of crustal feature(s) would we expect at the type of boundary shown?

• Mountains

• Fault lines

• Volcanos

• Trenches

Answer explanation

The image shows a transform plate boundary. At a transform boundary, we would expect to see a fault line and earthquakes.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which of the following was NOT part of Wegener's evidence to support his theory of Continental Drift?

• Similar fossils of land-bound animals were found on different continents

• Similar rock formations are found on different continents

• Evidence of similar human civilizations have been found on different continents

• The coastlines of the continents appear to fit together like puzzle pieces

Answer explanation

Wegener's theory of Continental Drift was supported by geological and fossil evidence, but not by similarities in human civilizations, which are not relevant to the movement of continents.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

A scientist is observing matter that is made up of only one type of atom. What kind of matter is the scientist observing?

• Element

• Compound

• Homogeneous mixture

• Heterogeneous mixture

Answer explanation

The scientist is observing an element, which is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. Compounds consist of two or more different atoms, while mixtures contain multiple substances.

Which of the equations shown follows the Law of Conservation of Mass?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

Equation A follows the Law of Conservation of Mass because it shows that the total atoms on the reactants side is the same as the total atoms on the products side, indicating that mass is neither created nor destroyed in the reaction.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5