Leo explains ecosystems as communities of living organisms and their non-living surroundings. He discusses the variety of ecosystem sizes, from rainforests to small puddles, and introduces biomes like deserts and forests. The video covers food chains and webs, highlighting the interdependence of species. It distinguishes between abiotic and biotic factors, detailing their roles in ecosystems. Leo also describes energy flow and material cycles, emphasizing the importance of decomposers. The video concludes with a thank you to viewers.

What is an ecosystem primarily composed of?

• Only the local atmosphere

• Only microorganisms

• Living organisms and their non-living surroundings

• Only plants and animals

What is a biome?

• A small puddle

• A type of microorganism

• A single animal

• A large ecosystem like a desert or forest

How does a decline in one species affect a food web?

• It only affects carnivores

• It only affects herbivores

• It can increase the population of other species

• It has no effect

What are abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

• Living organisms like plants and animals

• Non-living components like sunlight and temperature

• Decomposers and scavengers

• Producers and consumers

Why are decomposers important in an ecosystem?

• They produce food for herbivores

• They control the weather

• They help break down dead matter and recycle nutrients

• They are the main source of energy