Decomposition

Decomposition is the breakdown of complex organic matter into simpler substances, facilitated by organisms like bacteria and fungi. It involves stages such as fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification, and mineralization. Factors like chemical composition, temperature, and moisture affect the rate of decomposition. Decomposition is crucial for nutrient cycling, providing nutrients to autotrophs and enhancing soil properties.

What is the term used for the raw material in the decomposition process?

• Humus

• Detritus

• Compost

• Fertilizer

Which stage of decomposition involves breaking down detritus into smaller particles?

• Leaching

• Catabolism

• Humification

• Fragmentation

What is the process called when water-soluble substances are washed out from detritus?

• Humification

• Leaching

• Fragmentation

• Mineralization

Which factor does NOT influence the rate of decomposition?

• Soil pH

• Temperature

• Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio

• Wind speed

What is the ideal carbon-to-nitrogen ratio for maximum decomposition?

• 10 to 15

• 20 to 25

• 30 to 35

• 40 to 45

How does decomposition benefit soil structure?

• Reduces soil nutrients

• Enhances soil porosity

• Increases soil acidity

• Decreases soil porosity

What role does decomposition play in nutrient cycling?

• It depletes nutrients from the soil

• It prevents nutrient absorption by plants

• It blocks nutrient flow in ecosystems

• It returns nutrients to autotrophs