Early Impacts of colonisation, gold and migration

What was one of the most significant impacts of European contact on the Indigenous people of Australia?

• Introduction of new agricultural techniques

• Introduction of new diseases

• Establishment of trade routes

• Sharing of cultural practices

Which group of people did the Indigenous Australians have contact with before James Cook's official 'discovery' of Australia?

• The Spanish

• The Portuguese

• The Macassans

• The Americans

What was the initial reaction of some Aboriginal people to the arrival of Europeans?

(a)  

• Hostility and resistance

• Indifference

• Welcoming and sharing resources
• Immediate retreat into the interior

What was a common consequence of European expansion into Aboriginal lands?

• Increased trade opportunities

• Improved health conditions

• Displacement and conflict

• Cultural exchange

What was the primary reason for the dramatic decline in the Aboriginal population after European settlement?

• Warfare with settlers

• Loss of traditional food sources

• Introduction of European diseases

• Forced relocation

Which Aboriginal leader became famous for resisting European settlers by launching attacks and burning crops?

• Bennelong

• Pemulwuy

• Yagan

• Truganini

By the end of the 19th century, where were most Aboriginal people living?

(a)  

• In traditional territories

• On reserves, missions, or protectorates
• In urban centres

• As nomadic tribes

What was one of the reasons for the conflict between Aboriginal people and European settlers?

• Competition for trade routes

• Disputes over religious practices

• Intrusion onto Aboriginal lands

• Language barriers

What was a common effect of European-introduced diseases on Aboriginal communities?

(a)  

What was the estimated range of the Aboriginal population in Australia prior to European settlement?

(a)  

• 100,000 to 200,000

• 318,000 to 750,000
• 500,000 to 1,000,000

• 1,000,000 to 2,000,000