La física cuántica

The video explores the transition from classical to quantum physics, highlighting key phenomena like atomic spectra, black body radiation, and the photoelectric effect. It discusses the limitations of classical physics and introduces quantum concepts such as wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle. The video also covers the Compton effect and the technological application of quantum mechanics in lasers.

What was one of the main issues with classical physics that led to the development of quantum physics?

• The incorrect prediction of chemical reactions

• The inability to explain the motion of planets

• The failure to describe atomic spectra

• The lack of understanding of gravity

What did Kirchhoff and Bunsen discover about substances when placed in a flame?

• They become magnetic

• They change their chemical composition

• They emit light of different colors

• They emit sound of different frequencies

What is the 'ultraviolet catastrophe' in the context of black body radiation?

• The prediction of infinite energy at short wavelengths

• The failure to produce ultraviolet light

• The inability to detect ultraviolet light

• The incorrect measurement of temperature

What did Hertz discover about metals when illuminated with light?

• They become superconductors

• They emit sound waves

• They emit electrons

• They change color

What was Einstein's contribution to the understanding of the photoelectric effect?

• He discovered the electron

• He invented the photoelectric cell

• He suggested that light is composed of particles called photons

• He proposed that light is a continuous wave

What is the Compton effect?

• The absorption of light by gases

• The scattering of light by particles resulting in a change in wavelength

• The reflection of light by mirrors

• The emission of light by heated metals

What does wave-particle duality suggest about light?

• Light is only a particle

• Light is neither a wave nor a particle

• Light is only a wave

• Light exhibits both wave and particle characteristics

What is the principle of indeterminacy in quantum mechanics?

• The uncertainty in knowing both position and momentum of a particle

• The inability to measure temperature accurately

• The unpredictability of chemical reactions

• The randomness of gravitational forces

What is a key feature of laser light?

• It is always blue

• It is invisible

• It is monochromatic

• It is polychromatic

What is required for stimulated emission in a laser?

• A vacuum

• A population inversion

• A high temperature

• A magnetic field