The Pioneering Voyage of the HMS Challenger

The transcript details the HMS Challenger expedition, which challenged the Abyssus theory by discovering life at great ocean depths. The expedition, led by George Nares and Charles Wyvel Thompson, used innovative techniques to explore the ocean floor, leading to the discovery of the Challenger Deep. This marked a significant advancement in oceanography, disproving previous beliefs about marine life depth limits. The findings encouraged further ocean exploration, revealing new ecosystems and expanding our understanding of marine environments.

What was the main claim of the Abyssus theory proposed by Edward Forbes?

• Marine life increases with ocean depth.

• Life could not exist beyond 550 meters in the ocean.

• All marine life is concentrated near the surface.

• The ocean floor is devoid of any life.

Who was the captain of the HMS Challenger during its expedition?

• Edward Forbes

• Joseph Matkin

• Charles Wyvel Thompson

• George Nares

What was one of the primary scientific goals of the HMS Challenger expedition?

• To find new trade routes

• To discover living fossils in the deep sea

• To map the ocean floor

• To prove the existence of mermaids

What method did the HMS Challenger crew use to measure ocean depth?

• Satellite imaging

• Sonar technology

• Lead and line sounding

• Diving expeditions

What significant discovery did the HMS Challenger make in the Mariana Trench?

• The deepest known point in the ocean, Challenger Deep

• The lost city of Atlantis

• The existence of hydrothermal vents

• A new species of whale

How did the HMS Challenger expedition disprove the Abyssus theory?

• By finding no life at great depths

• By discovering abundant life beyond 1800 feet

• By mapping the entire ocean floor

• By finding evidence of ancient civilizations

How many new species of marine life were discovered during the HMS Challenger expedition?

• 2000

• 500

• 1000

• 4700

What was the total distance traveled by the HMS Challenger during its expedition?

• 79,280 kilometers

• 200,000 kilometers

• 50,000 kilometers

• 127,580 kilometers

What was the impact of the HMS Challenger expedition on oceanography?

• It led to the discovery of new continents.

• It confirmed the Abyssus theory.

• It laid the foundations of modern oceanography.

• It had no significant impact.

Which organizations are leading the way in modern ocean exploration?

• NASA and SpaceX

• National Geographic and BBC

• Royal Navy and British Museum

• Ocean X and Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute