The video explores how viruses, like the lambda virus, can evolve new ways to attack bacteria, specifically E. coli, through a few mutations. It highlights research from Michigan State University showing that lambda virus adapted to a new receptor in just 12 days. The video discusses the potential for viruses like bird flu to evolve and spread among humans. It emphasizes the ability to observe evolution in real-time using microbial systems, providing insights into how viruses might develop new functions and traits.

What was the key finding of the Michigan State University research on the lambda virus?

• It evolved to attack multiple bacteria.

• It took 100 days to evolve.

• It became dangerous to humans.

• It evolved a new way to attack E. coli with four mutations.

How can evolution be observed in real-time?

• By studying fossils in museums.

• By observing animal behavior.

• Through genetic engineering.

• Through microbial systems with rapid generations.

What did Meyer and Lenski demonstrate about the lambda virus?

• It can evolve to attack its host in new ways.

• It is harmless to all organisms.

• It is immune to all antibiotics.

• It cannot mutate.

What protein did the lambda virus target after LamB was removed?

• ompF

• DNA polymerase

• RNA helicase

• Protein kinase

What does the rapid adaptation of the lambda virus suggest about virus evolution?

• Viruses are static and do not change.

• Viruses can quickly evolve new functions.

• Virus evolution is unpredictable and random.

• All viruses evolve at the same rate.