How Apple Flies Changed the Way We Think of Evolution

The video explores the concept of speciation, the process by which one species splits into two or more distinct species. It introduces two main types: allopatric speciation, which occurs due to physical barriers, and sympatric speciation, which happens without such barriers. Examples include squirrels in the Grand Canyon and apple maggot flies. The video also discusses the controversy surrounding sympatric speciation and its specific conditions, highlighting the ongoing nature of evolution.

What is the process called when one species splits into two or more distinct species?

• Mutation

• Genetic drift

• Speciation

• Natural selection

Which of the following is an example of allopatric speciation?

• Apple maggot fly

• Cichlid fish in Lake Apoyo

• Squirrels on the north and south rims of the Grand Canyon

• Hawthorn and apple flies

What is a key factor in sympatric speciation?

• Disruptive selection

• Physical barriers

• Geographical isolation

• Climate change

How did the apple maggot fly undergo sympatric speciation?

• By adapting to different climates

• By migrating to a new habitat

• Through disruptive selection and assortative mating

• Due to a volcanic eruption

Why is sympatric speciation considered controversial among biologists?

• It requires specific conditions that are rarely met

• It does not involve genetic changes

• It involves clear physical barriers

• It is more common than allopatric speciation