Earth Systems Unit 5 Lesson 4 Quiz

What is the temperature of cosmic background radiation?

• about 0 °C

• about 270 °C

• above 3,000 °C

• almost absolute zero

What is important about Hubble’s discovery that there is a red shift in the spectra of galaxies?

• It proves the Big Bang theory.

• It suggests the existence of black holes.

• It suggests that the universe is expanding.

• It suggests that the universe is contracting.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Between 2001 and 2010, a NASA probe collected microwave data on the early universe. The image depicts 13.77-billion-year-old temperature fluctuations (shown as color differences) in the early universe. What characteristic of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) provides evidence that the universe is expanding?

• The CMBR arriving at Earth has been blue shifted.

• Any microwave radiation is an indication of expansion.

• The CMBR can be detected coming from all directions.

• The hydrogen-to-helium ratio in the CMBR matches predictions made using the Big Bang theory.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

How does the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) mark an important milestone in the early history of the universe?

• The CMBR originated as the first visible light. It marks time when the universe transitioned from opaque to transparent.

• The CMBR originated from the initial force that triggered the Big Bang. It is the remnant energy from the previous universe.

• The CMBR originated when the first massive stars in the universe began exploding as supernovas shortly after the Big Bang.

• The CMBR originated as the first microwave radiation. It marks the time the universe first became energic enough to produce microwaves.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

When did the universe begin?

• 1 billion years ago

• 10 million years ago

• 14 billion years ago

• 50 billion years ago

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

During the first few minutes after the Big Bang, the universe was opaque. Light could not go through it. Why?

• All the photons were being absorbed.

• There was nothing to produce photons.

• The photons were attracted to other particles.

• The mix of particles was so dense that photons could not get through.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

What determined the temperature, density, and ratio of hydrogen to helium of the universe soon after the Big Bang?

• The rate at which the universe expanded

• The rate of nuclear fusion in the first stars

• The density of the material the universe was expanding into

• The timing of the transition from an opaque to a transparent universe

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2