Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

Front

How does ionization energy change across a period?

Back

Ionization energy generally increases from left to right across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

Front

How does ionization energy change down a group?

Back

Ionization energy generally decreases down a group due to increased distance of the outer electrons from the nucleus and increased electron shielding.

Front

What is electron affinity?

Back

The energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a neutral atom in the gaseous state.

Front

How does electron affinity change across a period?

Back

Electron affinity generally increases from left to right across a period.

Front

How does electron affinity change down a group?

Back

Electron affinity generally decreases down a group.

Front

Which element has the highest ionization energy: Lithium, Sodium, or Potassium?

Back

Lithium has the highest ionization energy among the three.

Front

What is the trend of atomic radius across a period?

Back

Atomic radius generally decreases from left to right across a period.

Front

What is the trend of atomic radius down a group?

Back

Atomic radius generally increases down a group.

Front

What is the relationship between ionization energy and electron affinity?

Back

Both are measures of how an atom interacts with electrons; higher ionization energy often correlates with higher electron affinity.