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What is the first law of thermodynamics?

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In a closed system of constant mass, the energy involved in any physical or chemical change is neither created nor destroyed, but merely changed from one form to another.

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What does the second law of thermodynamics state?

Back

In any energy transfer, the total entropy of a closed system can never decrease over time, meaning energy tends to disperse or spread out.

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What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its motion.

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What is potential energy?

Back

Potential energy is the stored energy of an object based on its position or state.

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How is energy transformed in a hydroelectric plant?

Back

Kinetic energy from moving water is transformed into electric energy by turning a turbine.

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What is the law of conservation of energy?

Back

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another.

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Front

What is entropy?

Back

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system.

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What is an example of energy transformation?

Back

When a battery powers a flashlight, chemical energy is transformed into light energy.

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What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of particles in a substance, related to its temperature.

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What is the relationship between heat and temperature?

Back

Heat is the energy transferred between substances due to a temperature difference, while temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles.

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