Chemical Formulas and Bond Angles

What is the bond angle for BeCl₂ with a linear molecular shape?

Answer explanation

BeCl₂ has a linear molecular shape due to its two bonding pairs and no lone pairs on the central beryllium atom. This arrangement results in a bond angle of 180°, confirming the linear geometry.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-3

What is the bond angle for AlCl₃ with a trigonal planar molecular shape?

Answer explanation

The bond angle for AlCl₃, which has a trigonal planar molecular shape, is 120°. This is due to the arrangement of three chlorine atoms around the aluminum atom, maximizing distance and minimizing repulsion.

What is the bond angle for CH₄ with a tetrahedral molecular shape?

Answer explanation

The bond angle for CH₄, which has a tetrahedral molecular shape, is 109.5°. This angle arises from the arrangement of four hydrogen atoms around the central carbon atom, minimizing repulsion.

What is the bond angle for NH₃ with a trigonal pyramidal molecular shape?

Answer explanation

The bond angle for NH₃ (ammonia) is approximately 107.3°, which is slightly less than the ideal tetrahedral angle of 109.5° due to the presence of a lone pair of electrons that repels the bonding pairs.

What is the bond angle for H₂O with a bent or angular molecular shape?

Answer explanation

The bond angle for H₂O, which has a bent molecular shape due to lone pairs on oxygen, is approximately 104.5°. This angle is less than the ideal tetrahedral angle of 109.5° due to the repulsion of the lone pairs.

Type in the electronegativity difference for a polar covalent bond.

Tip: (#) - (#)

Answer explanation

A polar covalent bond typically has an electronegativity difference between 0.4 and 1.7. This range indicates that the electrons are shared unequally between the atoms, resulting in partial charges.

Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction in which aqueous sodium hydroxide NaOH (aq) and aqueous calcium bromide CaBr (aq) react to produce solid calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ (s) and aqueous sodium bromide NaBr (aq).

Tip: Use → for your yield

Answer explanation

The balanced equation is 2 NaOH (aq) + CaBr2 (aq) → Ca(OH)2 (s) + 2 NaBr (aq). This shows that two moles of sodium hydroxide react with one mole of calcium bromide to produce one mole of calcium hydroxide and two moles of sodium bromide.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-7

What type of reaction is the following equation classified as: NH₄NO₃ (s) ➔ N₂O (g) + 2H₂O (g)

Answer explanation

The reaction NH4NO3 (s) ➔ N2O (g) + 2H2O (g) is classified as a decomposition reaction, as a single compound (ammonium nitrate) breaks down into two products (nitrous oxide and water).

Utilize the activity series table and identify which metal would replace copper in copper nitrate in a single-replacement reaction.

Answer explanation

According to the activity series, zinc (Zn) is above copper (Cu), meaning it can replace copper in copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) during a single-replacement reaction.

A solid produced during a chemical reaction in a solution is called a(n) _______.

Answer explanation

A solid produced during a chemical reaction in a solution is called a precipitate. This occurs when certain ions in the solution combine to form an insoluble compound, which then settles out of the solution.