Chapter 8 Earthquakes and Earth's Interior

What is an earthquake?

• A sudden explosion in the Earth's core

• The vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy within the lithosphere

• A volcanic eruption

• A large storm in the ocean

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What is a fault in geological terms?

• A large mountain range

• A fracture in Earth where movement has occurred

• A type of volcanic rock

• A deep ocean trench

According to the elastic rebound hypothesis, what causes most earthquakes?

• Volcanic eruptions

• The rapid release of energy stored in rocks that suddenly break

• Tidal forces

• Atmospheric pressure changes

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

What are aftershocks?

• Small earthquakes that occur before a major earthquake

• Earthquakes that occur sometime soon after a major earthquake

• Large waves in the ocean

• Sudden changes in weather patterns

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

What are P waves?

• Waves that shake particles at right angles to the waves’ direction of travel

• Push-pull waves that push (or compress) and pull (or expand) particles in the direction the waves travel

• Surface waves that cause the most destruction

• Waves that only occur in the ocean

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

What does the Richter scale measure?

• Earthquake intensity

• Earthquake magnitude

• Ocean wave height

• Wind speed

What is seismic shaking?

• Ground vibrations caused by seismic waves

• A process where soil turns into liquid

• A wave formed when the ocean floor shifts

• A type of earthquake-resistant structure

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What is a tsunami?

• A type of earthquake-resistant structure

• A process where soil turns into liquid

• A wave formed when the ocean floor shifts

• Ground vibrations caused by seismic waves

What is a seismic gap?

• An area with frequent earthquake activity

• An area along a fault with no recent earthquakes

• A type of earthquake-resistant structure

• A wave formed when the ocean floor shifts

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

What are the three major layers of Earth's interior?

• Crust, mantle, core

• Lithosphere, asthenosphere, core

• Oceanic, continental, mantle

• Inner core, outer core, crust