Dr. Nur Bone Metabolism Quiz

Which hormone is released when plasma calcium levels decrease?

• Calcitonin

• Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

• Thyroid hormone

• Estrogen

What is the primary cause of primary hyperparathyroidism?

• Vitamin D deficiency

• Parathyroid gland adenoma

• Osteoporosis

• Hypoparathyroidism

Which component of bone stores 99% of the body's calcium?

• Collagen

• Hydroxyapatite

• Osteoclasts

• Osteoblasts

What condition is characterized by defective mineralization of osteoid in mature bone?

• Osteoporosis

• Paget's disease

• Osteomalacia

• Rickets

Which vitamin is critical for calcium absorption in the intestines?

• Vitamin A

• Vitamin C

• Vitamin D

• Vitamin E

What is the active form of vitamin D?

• 7-dehydrocholesterol

• 25-hydroxycholecalciferol

• 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol

• Calcitonin

What hormone decreases osteoclastic bone resorption?

• Calcitonin

• Parathyroid hormone

• Vitamin D3

• Thyroid hormone

What is a hallmark biochemical abnormality in Paget's disease?

• High serum calcium

• Increased alkaline phosphatase

• Low serum phosphate

• Decreased hydroxyproline

Which condition is described by the triad of 'bones, stones, and abdominal groans'?

• Osteoporosis

• Primary hyperparathyroidism

• Hypocalcemia

• Paget's disease

What therapy is NOT used in the treatment of metabolic bone diseases?

• Hormone replacement therapy

• Bisphosphonates

• Antibiotics

• Calcium and vitamin D supplements