Final Exam Review: 8th Grade Science

Which of the following real-life examples best illustrates Newton’s Third Law?

• A person swimming in a pool

• A car accelerating on a highway

• A book resting on a table

• A ball rolling down a hill

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Solve: A car has a mass of 1,200 kg and accelerates at 2 m/s². Calculate the force.

• 2400 N

• 2400 m/s

• 600 N

• 600 m/s

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

How does friction differ on ice compared to carpet, and how does it affect force?

• Friction is higher on ice than on carpet, requiring more force to move objects.

• Friction is lower on ice than on carpet, requiring less force to move objects.

• Friction is the same on both surfaces, so the force required is equal.

• Friction does not affect the force required to move objects on different surfaces.

Scenario: A space shuttle is launched into orbit. Which of Newton’s Laws explains the action-reaction forces during the launch?

• Newton's First Law

• Newton's Second Law

• Newton's Third Law

• None of Newton's Laws

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Why does soft padding in a helmet reduce impact force? Include Newton’s 2nd Law.

• Soft padding reduces the distance between your head and the helmet, slowing the acceleration of your head, thus lowering Force according to Newton's 2nd Law

• Soft padding decreases the mass of the helmet, reducing the force according to Newton's 2nd Law.

• Soft padding increases the velocity of the impact, reducing the force according to Newton's 2nd Law.

• Soft padding changes the direction of the impact, reducing the force according to Newton's 2nd Law.

Solve: A runner travels 200 meters in 25 seconds. What is their speed?

• 8 m/s

• 8 m

• 8 mph

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Graph: Which of the following best represents a distance vs. time graph for a delivery driver traveling 15 miles, stopping for a delivery, and returning?

• A straight line increasing, a flat line, then a straight line decreasing

• A straight line increasing, then a straight line decreasing

• A flat line, then a straight line increasing, then a flat line

• A straight line decreasing, a flat line, then a straight line increasing

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

What energy transformations occur in a smartphone while charging, and how does the Law of Conservation of Energy apply?

• Chemical to electrical back to chemical when the phone is unplugged...

  Energy is conserved.

• Electrical to thermal to kinetic when the phone is unplugged...

  Energy is lost.

• Potential to kinetic to sound....

  Energy is created.

• Thermal to chemical to light...

  Energy is destroyed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Compare: Potential and kinetic energy at the top and bottom of a roller coaster. How do mass and speed affect kinetic energy?

• Potential energy is highest at the top, kinetic energy is highest at the bottom; mass and speed both increase kinetic energy.

• Potential energy is highest at the bottom, kinetic energy is highest at the top; mass decreases kinetic energy, speed increases it.

• Potential energy and kinetic energy are equal at the top and bottom; mass increases kinetic energy, speed decreases it.

• Potential energy is highest at the top, kinetic energy is highest at the bottom; mass decreases kinetic energy, speed increases it.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which method of heat transfer involves direct contact?

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Insulation