Georgia Biology Milestones EOC Review

Which compounds interact to form proteins?

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

• simple sugars

• fatty acids

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which statement describes a property shared by lipids and carbohydrates?

• both dissolve in water

• both are sources of energy in a cell

• both have the same number of oxygen atoms

• both have the same number of carbon-hydrogen bonds

Scientists isolate an organic macromolecule that plays a role in digestion. When this polymer is not present , the rate of one of the chemical reactions required for digestion decreases greatly.Which category of macromolecule are these scientists most likely studying?

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• nucleic acid

• protein

What structural differences explains why lipids provide more energy than an equal mass of proteins or carbohydrates?

• lipids have more carbon-hydrogen bonds per gram than proteins or carbohydrates

• Lipids have more nitrogenous bases per gram than proteins or carbohyrdrates

• Lipids have more amino acids per gram tha proteins or carbohydrates

• Lipids have more simple sugars per gram than proteins or carbohydrates

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

Human heart cells require a constant release of energy to function continuously. Which structure would be numerous in such cells to meet this demand?

• Golgi Bodies

• Nuclei

• Mitochondria

• Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Which statement BEST compares the roles of organelles in making proteins?

• Vesicles modify proteins,while golgi bodies manufacture proteins

• Rough ER transports proteins, while the cell membrane modifies them

• Chromosomes modify proteins, while the nuclear membrane produces proteins

• Ribosomes produce proteins, while the nucleus contains protein blueprints

Which statement BEST distinguishes the roles of chloroplasts and mitochondria in maintaining homestasis in a cell?

• Chlroplasts regulate movement of materials in plant cells; regulate movement of materials in animals cells

• Chloroplasts produce glucose molcules; mitochondria break down glucose molecules

• Chlroplasts break down proeins; mitochondria generate new proteins

• Chloroplasts store water and wastes; mitochondria provide support for the cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Which statement BEST justifies the comparison of a cell's nucleus to a person's brain?

• Both store information and control activities

• Both are encased in a hard, protective covering

• Both are involved in producing energy-containing molecules

• Both are directly involved in transproting wastes so they do not build up

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which is a way in which exocytosis differs from ther pumping of calcium ions against a concentration gradient?

• Exocytosis is a form of passive transport

• Exocytosis does not involve a carrier protein

• Exocyctosis occurs with the concetration gradient

• Exocytosis requires an expenditure of energy by the cell

Which is an example of facillitated transport

• The cell membrane wraps around a large molecule and forms a vessicle that takes the molecule into the cytoplasm

• A protein embedded in the cell membrane allows a specific type of protein to move to a region of lower concentration

• waste materials from cellular processes are moved to a region of higher concentration outside the cell

• A carrier protein moves water across the cell membrane against hte concentration gradient