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What is a control group in an experiment?

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A control group is a baseline group that does not receive the experimental treatment, allowing for comparison with the treatment group. Often given an inactive treatment (placebo).

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What is a matched pair experimental design?

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A matched pair experimental design involves pairing subjects based on certain characteristics, where one subject receives treatment A and the other receives treatment B.

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What is convenience sampling?

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Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling method where subjects are selected based on their easy availability and proximity to the researcher.

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What is confounding in research?

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Confounding occurs when two variables are associated in such a way that their effects on a response variable cannot be distinguished from each other.

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What is a lurking variable?

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A lurking variable is a variable that is not included in the study but affects the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

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What is the purpose of a placebo in experiments?

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A placebo is an inactive treatment used to compare against an active treatment, helping to isolate the effect of the treatment being tested.

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What is the difference between an active treatment and a placebo?

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An active treatment is a real intervention that is expected to have an effect, while a placebo is an inactive substance that has no therapeutic effect.

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What is systematic sampling?

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Systematic sampling is a probability sampling method where subjects are selected at regular intervals from a randomly ordered list.

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What is a response variable?

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A response variable is the outcome that researchers measure in an experiment to see if it is affected by the treatment.

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What is the significance of random sampling?

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Random sampling ensures that every individual has an equal chance of being selected, which helps to eliminate bias and improve the generalizability of results.