The Enlightenment

What traditional idea did Enlightenment thinkers challenge to improve the lives and freedoms of ordinary people?

• government

• medicine

• religion

• science

The social contract theory states that

• governments should always be allowed to encourage the spread of Protestantism.

• farmers are required to give up some rights in exchange for government provided funding.

• peasants should raise up against the wealthy to gain equal status within society.

• citizens give up some liberties to government in exchange for protection of their self-interests.

Enlightenment thinkers rejected the concept of

• absolutism.

• freedom.

• individuality.

• society.

Who wrote The Leviathan, a 1651 publication about creating moral obligations to live in a civil society?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of John Locke?

• People are naturally reasonable.

• People are naturally selfish and violent.

• Governments create unequal societies.

• Government should be separate from religion.

Baron de Montesquieu was an Enlightenment philosopher from

• Belgium.

• England.

• France.

• Germany.

One of Baron de Montesquieu’s key ideas was

• separating church and state

• creating checks and balances

• establishing natural rights

• establishing equality within society

In France, philosophes discussed Enlightenment ideas in

• barbershops.

• restaurants.

• salons.

• taverns.

Enlightenment thinkers questioned

• government authority.

• unalienable rights.

• the right to rebel.

• government programs.

A social contract is an agreement between

• a government and its citizens.

• citizens of two different countries.

• governments of two different countries.

• property owners and government.