Database Fundamentals for High School

What does SQL stand for?

• Structured Query List

• Simple Query Language

• Standard Query Language

• Structured Query Language

Which SQL statement is used to retrieve data from a database?

• INSERT

• DELETE

• UPDATE

• SELECT

What is the purpose of the WHERE clause in SQL?

• To sort records in ascending order.

• To filter records based on specified conditions.

• To create new database records.

• To join multiple tables together.

Define normalization in the context of databases.

• Normalization is the process of combining multiple databases into one.

• Normalization refers to the encryption of sensitive data in a database.

• Normalization is the method of backing up data in a database.

• Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

What is the first normal form (1NF)?

• A database table is in first normal form (1NF) if it has multiple primary keys.

• A database table is in first normal form (1NF) if it contains repeating groups of values.

• A database table is in first normal form (1NF) if all columns can contain complex data types.

• A database table is in first normal form (1NF) if it has a primary key and all columns contain atomic, indivisible values without repeating groups.

Explain the concept of a primary key.

• A primary key is used to store large binary data.

• A primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a database table.

• A primary key is a type of foreign key in a database.

• A primary key can have duplicate values in a table.

What does an Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) represent?

• An ERD represents the flow of data in a network.

• An ERD represents the relationships between entities in a database.

• An ERD is used for coding in SQL.

• An ERD shows the physical layout of a database.

What is the difference between a one-to-many and a many-to-many relationship?

• A one-to-many relationship links one record to one, while a many-to-many relationship links many records to one.

• A one-to-many relationship links many records to one, while a many-to-many relationship links one record to one.

• A one-to-many relationship links one record to many, while a many-to-many relationship links many records to many.

• A one-to-many relationship links one record to many, while a many-to-many relationship links one record to many.

What is a foreign key?

• A foreign key is a unique identifier for a table.

• A foreign key is a type of primary key.

• A foreign key is a field that stores data from the same table.

• A foreign key is a field that links two tables by referencing the primary key of another table.

Describe the second normal form (2NF).

• A table is in Third Normal Form (3NF) if it has no transitive dependencies.

• A table is in Second Normal Form (2NF) if it contains duplicate rows.

• A table is in Second Normal Form (2NF) if it has a composite primary key.

• A table is in Second Normal Form (2NF) if it is in First Normal Form (1NF) and all non-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on the primary key.