Quiz about E&S Practice Exam Semester 1

Question 1

The Sun is made of...

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen and Helium

Answer

Water and Ice

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Magnesium

Question 2

What happens during nuclear fusion

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen atoms are forced together to create Helium

Answer

Hydrogen reacts with Oxygen to create fire.

Answer

Uranium and Plutonium split apart and release radiation.

Answer

Helium atoms break down to make hydrogen

Question 3

Where does nuclear fusion occur?

Accepted Answer

The Core

Answer

Space

Answer

Radiation Zone

Answer

Photosphere

Question 4

This image shows the:

Accepted Answer

Geocentric Solar System

Answer

Heliocentric Solar System

Question 5

What model does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Heliocentric

Answer

Geocentric

Question 6

How does the sun keep all of the planets in orbit?

Accepted Answer

The pull of its gravity

Answer

the flames give it power

Answer

the sun spots

Answer

The solar flares guide them

Question 7

The Milky Way galaxy is thought to be a(n)

Accepted Answer

barred spiral galaxy.

Accepted Answer

spiral galaxy

Answer

elliptical galaxy.

Answer

irregular galaxy.

Question 8

What is the term used to describe a group of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity?

Accepted Answer

galaxy

Answer

comet

Answer

nebula

Answer

asteroid

Question 9

a gigantic explosion that causes the death of a large star

Accepted Answer

supernova

Answer

pulsar

Answer

red giant

Answer

black hole

Question 10

The color of a star depends on its

Accepted Answer

temperature

Answer

size

Answer

shape

Answer

magnitude

Question 11

All stars in the main sequence stage are fusing ________ into ________ in their cores.

Accepted Answer

hydrogen into helium

Answer

helium into carbon

Answer

oxygen into iron

Answer

helium into hydrogen

Question 12

What is the relationships between the size of a star and its lifetime?

Accepted Answer

The larger the star, the shorter the lifetime.

Answer

The larger the star, the longer the lifetime.

Question 13

Which stage do stars spend the majority of their lives in?

Accepted Answer

Main Sequence

Answer

Nebula Stage

Answer

Red Giant Stage

Answer

Dying stage

Question 14

Stars can take different paths due to having different _____________

Accepted Answer

mass

Answer

temperature

Answer

brightness

Answer

color

Question 15

A low mass main sequence star is...

Accepted Answer

like our sun.

Answer

the size of our earth.

Answer

150 times bigger than our sun.

Answer

so dense not even light can escape it.

Question 16

The Sun is a

Accepted Answer

Yellow Dwarf

Answer

Yellow Super Giant

Answer

White Dwarf

Answer

Yellow Giant

Question 17

In which area of the sun does gas rise as it heats up, then fall back down as it cools?

Accepted Answer

the convective zone

Answer

the core

Answer

the radiative zone

Answer

the corona

Question 18

The sun converts matter into energy in the

Accepted Answer

core

Answer

corona.

Answer

radiative zone

Answer

convection zone

Question 19

Areas of gas on the sun's surface that are cooler than gases around them are called:

Accepted Answer

sunspots

Answer

corona

Answer

prominences

Answer

solarspots

Question 20

The universe is expanding!  This means that:

Accepted Answer

all of the above.

Answer

all of the galaxies are spreading out.

Answer

the universe must have started from a single point.

Answer

the universe is cooling down.

Question 21

The Cosmic Background Radiation is:

Accepted Answer

the remaining energy from the big bang.

Answer

incredibly hot.

Answer

visible to the human eye.

Answer

only located in certain places in the universe.

Question 22

Hydrogen was the first element to be formed after the big bang, because...

Accepted Answer

It is the simplest element

Answer

the temperature at that time was just right for hydrogen

Answer

It is used as fuel for stars

Answer

it was chosen completely at random

Question 23

Which description is considered most accurate regarding what actually happened during the Big Bang?

Accepted Answer

All of what would become the universe was concentrated in a single small point, or singularity, which rapidly expanded into what is now stars, planets, galaxies, matter, and energy.

Answer

Two galaxies collided causing an immense explosion as stars crashed into one another

Answer

All matter emerged from a massive black hole at the center of the universe.

Answer

Parts of the sun were ripped off by massive internal explosions and were thrown into space where they cooled to become other things, like plants, comets, and other galaxies.

Question 24

Which of the following is evidence of the Big Bang Theory?

Accepted Answer

The universe is expanding

Answer

Cavemen heard a loud bang at the beginning of time.

Answer

The universe isn't moving

Answer

The universe is getting smaller

Question 25

How did the discovery of Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the Big Bang Theory?

Accepted Answer

It supports the idea that the universe used to be hotter.

Answer

It suggests that Hydrogen and Helium were the first elements to form.

Answer

It confirms the age of the Earth to be around 5 billion years old.

Answer

It demonstrates that the universe continues to expand.

Question 26

What can we conclude from the observation that nearly all galaxies are moving away from us?

Accepted Answer

The once-smaller universe is expanding in all directions.

Answer

Massive black holes are drawing galaxies away from Earth.

Answer

The Sun and Earth are located at the center of the universe.

Answer

Everything in the universe is moving the same direction.

Question 27

As part of the modern theory of the origins of the elements, it is hypothesized that before the formation of the stars, most of the matter in the universe consisted of what atoms?

Accepted Answer

hydrogen and helium

Answer

nitrogen and carbon

Answer

silicon and lithium

Answer

uranium and radium

Question 28

Ever since the universe began, the universe has been

Accepted Answer

expanding

Answer

contracting

Answer

stays the same size

Question 29

The Universe has no beginning and no end.

Accepted Answer

Steady State Theory

Answer

Big Bang Theory

Answer

Both

Question 30

How did the gas & dust between the stars & in all corners of the Universe get there?

Accepted Answer

the result of leftover remnants of previous stars

Answer

the result of planetary collisions & explosions

Answer

by the gravitational attraction of supermassive black holes

Answer

the Big Bang created it all

Question 31

What characteristics are used to classify stars?

Accepted Answer

Temperature/color and brightness

Answer

Flammability, weight, and reactivity

Answer

Conductivity, luster, and density

Answer

Malleability, distance, and viscoscity

Question 32

What is the Hertzsprung-Russel Diagram?

Accepted Answer

A graph used to classify stars according to their luminosity, color, temperature, and stage.

Answer

A map which tells the approximate location of stars in the Milky Way galaxy and their distance from Earth.

Answer

A table that alphabetically lists stars by name and includes dates of when the star was first charted.

Answer

A chart which organizes stars into categories based on the amount of Hydrogen they burn.

Question 33

Which of the following statements is the most accurate statement for the element of Hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

It is the most abundant element found in stars.

Answer

It is a not found in many stars.

Answer

It is only found in dwarf stars and supergiants.

Answer

It causes stars to go supernova.

Question 34

Red stars are the _____________.

Accepted Answer

coolest

Answer

hottest

Answer

biggest

Answer

brightest

Question 35

Blue stars are the _____________.

Accepted Answer

hottest

Answer

coolest

Answer

smallest

Question 36

Which star has the lowest temperature?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 37

In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?

Accepted Answer

Stars get Hotter

Answer

Stars Get Larger

Answer

Stars get Colder

Answer

Stars get Brighter

Question 38

Which color of star is the coolest?

Accepted Answer

Red Star

Answer

Yellow Star

Answer

Orange Star

Answer

Blue Star

Question 39

Our solar system is located inside a galaxy called the _____________.

Accepted Answer

Milky Way

Answer

Local Group

Answer

Andromeda

Answer

Constellation

Question 40

What is found on the x axis of an H-R diagram?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Luminosity
(or brightness)

Answer

Star Size

Answer

Distance

Question 41

As a whole, Giants are considered hotter than White Dwarfs.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 42

Which group or  category does our Sun belong to?

Accepted Answer

Main Sequence

Answer

White Dwarfs

Answer

Supergiants

Answer

Giants

Question 43

Describe gravity. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The strength of the gravitational pull between two objects depends on masses.

Accepted Answer

Gravity is a force of attraction

Accepted Answer

Gravity holds the solar system together.

Answer

The strength of the gravitational pull between 2 objects depends on the it temperatures.

Answer

There is no gravity beyond the edge of our solar system.

Question 44

The force that governs the motion of our solar system.

Accepted Answer

Gravity

Answer

Mass

Answer

Magnetism

Answer

Acceleration

Question 45

Two satellites of equal mass are in circular orbit around a planet. Satellite b is twice as far away from the planet. Which satellite experiences a stronger gravitational force?

Accepted Answer

Satellite a

Answer

Satellite b

Answer

Both the same

Question 46

You discover a new planet in our solar system. You measure the orbital period of the planet to be 246 years.

Where is this planet likely to be located based on this information?

Accepted Answer

Located beyond Neptune.

Answer

Closer to the Sun than Mercury.

Answer

Located between Earth and Jupiter.

Answer

Located between Uranus and Neptune.

Question 47

Between which two points is the planet moving the fastest?

Accepted Answer

Position A to B

Answer

Position B to C

Answer

Position H to I

Answer

Position I to J

Question 48

The farther away a planet is from the sun, the _______ it takes it to orbit the sun once.

Accepted Answer

longer

Answer

shorter

Question 49

Based on the table, which planet in our solar system will have the fastest orbital speed?

Accepted Answer

Mercury

Answer

Venus

Answer

Earth

Answer

Saturn

Question 50

What relationship did Kepler discover about planets and their orbital speed?

Accepted Answer

Planets closest to the Sun will orbit with the fastest orbital speed.

Answer

Planets with the greatest mass will orbit the Sun with the fastest orbital speed.

Answer

Planets furthest from the Sun will orbit with the fastest orbital speed.

Answer

Planets with the least mass will orbit the Sun with the fastest orbital speed.

Question 51

In simplest terms, what does Kepler's 3rd law state?

Accepted Answer

There is a mathematical relationship between the distance of a planet and the time it takes to orbit the Sun.

Answer

Planets take multiple years to complete an orbit around the Sun.

Answer

There is no relationship between the distance of planet and the time it takes to orbit the Sun.

Answer

All planets in every solar system have the same orbital period.

Question 52

When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is

Accepted Answer

the Sun

Answer

the axis

Answer

the perihelion

Answer

the center

Question 53

Which planet in this image will have the largest orbital radius?

Accepted Answer

Mars

Answer

Mercury

Answer

Venus

Answer

Earth

Question 54

What is Kepler's second Law of Motion

Accepted Answer

An imaginary line from the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

Answer

The time it takes a planet revolve around the sun is proportional to its distance from the sun.

Answer

Each planet orbits the sun in a path called an ellipse, not a circle

Question 55

In the hemisphere experiencing winter, the axis of the earth is pointed away or toward the sun?

Accepted Answer

away

Answer

towards

Answer

up

Answer

down

Question 56

In the hemisphere experiencing summer, the axis of the earth is pointed away or toward the sun?

Accepted Answer

towards

Answer

up

Answer

down

Answer

away

Question 57

Why is the Equator warmest?

Accepted Answer

Because it receives the most direct sunlight

Answer

Because it is closest to the sun.

Answer

Because no clouds form here.

Answer

Because it is far from the sun

Question 58

Which season is taking place in the Northern Hemisphere in Position 3?

Accepted Answer

Summer

Answer

Winter

Answer

Spring

Answer

Fall

Question 59

What happens when the area in which you live tilts away from the sun?

Accepted Answer

It is winter.

Answer

It is summer.

Answer

It is spring.

Answer

It is fall.

Question 60

The distance light can travel in one year is ______________

Accepted Answer

1 light-year

Answer

15,000 kilometers

Answer

15 Astronomical Units

Answer

6,000 miles

Question 61

Which unit of measurement is used to measure distances within our solar system?

Accepted Answer

Astronomical units

Answer

inches

Answer

kilometers

Answer

miles

Question 62

An astronomical unit is...

Accepted Answer

The average distance between the Earth and the Sun

Answer

The average distance between the Sun and Neptune

Answer

The diameter of the sun

Answer

The time it takes light to travel across our solar system

Question 63

Why do we use light years and astronomical units to measure distances in space?

Accepted Answer

Space is too big, vast, enormous to use traditional units, like miles or kilometres.

Answer

Scientists want to sound smart.

Answer

Hubble discovered these units and wanted to use them.

Answer

Space is too small to use km, it wouldn't make sense.

Question 64

A.U. (astronomical units) are used to measure distances between _?_.

Accepted Answer

planets

Answer

stars

Answer

galaxies

Answer

solar systems

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