Unit 3 Heat Transfer Study Guide

A student investigated convection by filling two bottles with cold water dyed blue and two bottles with hot water dyed yellow. In #1, a blue cold water bottle was placed on top of a yellow hot water bottle with an index card separating the two. In #2, a yellow hot water bottle was placed on top of a blue cold water bottle with an index card separating the two. Once the bottle setups were complete, the index card was pulled out. Why did the waters mix and turn green in #1 but not in #2?

• Cold blue water molecules move less than hot yellow water molecules.

• Blue water molecules move less than hot blue water molecules.

• Cold blue water molecules move more than hot yellow water molecules.

• Yellow water molecules move more than hot blue water molecules.

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When a person bounces on a trampoline, the fabric is pushed down as the springs attaching it to the frame stretch. As the springs return to their normal position, the person is thrown into the air as shown. What evidence supports the claim that potential energy is converted to kinetic energy in this system?

• The potential energy of the person thrown upward is transformed to the kinetic energy of the stretched spring.

• The potential energy of the stretched springs is transformed to the kinetic energy of the person thrown upward.

• The potential energy of the springs in their normal position is transformed to the kinetic energy of the springs in the stretched position.

• The potential energy of the person above the trampoline is transformed to the kinetic energy of the person when pushing the fabric down.

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What is thermal energy?

• It is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

• It is the energy that flows from a substance of higher temperature to a substance of lower temperature.

• It is the total potential and kinetic energy of the molecules that make up a substance, also called internal energy.

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What is thermal energy?

• It is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

• It is the energy that flows from a substance of higher temperature to a substance of lower temperature.

• It is the total potential and kinetic energy of the molecules that make up a substance, also called internal energy.

• It is the degree of hotness or coldness of an object, which is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the molecules that make up the object.

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A science class is voting on a design they will use to begin building a model roller coaster. They will choose the design that produces the greatest amount of kinetic energy. Which design will produce the most kinetic energy and why?

• This roller coaster because it has the least amount of potential energy due to the height of the roller coaster.

• This roller coaster because it has the greatest amount of potential energy due to the height of the roller coaster.

• This roller coaster because it has the least amount of potential energy due to the angle of the slope.

• This roller coaster because it has the greatest amount of potential energy due to the angle of the slope.

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Which statement predicts the kinetic energy of a 20 kg ball rolling at a velocity of 10 m/s?

• It will be twice that of the 10 kg ball moving at the same velocity.

• It will be equal to that of the 10 kg ball moving at the same velocity.

• It will be 400 units that of the 10 kg ball moving at the same velocity.

• It will be four times as large as the 10 kg ball moving at the same velocity.

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Which term means energy that is stored in an object?

• work

• motion

• kinetic energy

• potential energy

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Maria claims that the energy in food is transformed into several other types of energy. Does the correct sequence of energy transformations in this diagram support Maria’s claim?

• No, because potential energy in food is being transformed into kinetic energy of motion.

• No, because potential energy in food is being transformed into thermal energy of motion.

• Yes, because chemical energy in food is being transformed into mechanical energy of motion.

• Yes, because chemical energy in food is being transformed into mechanical energy of motion, thermal energy, and sound energy.

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A class of students performed the heat transfer experiment shown. Steps: 1. Fill three plastic dishes partially with equal amounts of dark soil, light soil, and water. 2. Put thermometers in each dish. 3. Place the dishes under the heating lamp. 4. Leave the dishes under the heating lamp for ten minutes. 5. Record temperatures of each dish. Which explanation accurately predicts the outcome of this experiment?

• The dark soil will heat up the fastest as the heat transfers from the lamp to the surface of the soil via radiation and then the soil will absorb the heat through conduction.

• The water will heat up the fastest as the heat transfers from the lamp to the surface of the water via radiation and then the water will absorb the heat through convection.

• The dark soil will heat up the fastest as the heat transfers from the lamp to the surface of the soil via radiation and then the soil will absorb the heat through convection.

• The water will heat up the fastest as the heat transfers from the lamp to the surface of the water via conduction and then the water will absorb the heat through convection.

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Is Victor's statement correct? Why or why not?

• Yes, the electrical energy is only transformed to light energy.

• No, the electrical energy is transformed to light energy and heat energy.

• Yes, the electrical energy is transformed to heat energy and sound energy.

• No, the electrical energy is transformed to light energy and chemical energy.

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