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What is the Scientific Method?

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A systematic process used for scientific investigation, involving observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, and conclusion.

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What is a hypothesis?

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A testable prediction about the relationship between variables.

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What is a variable in an experiment?

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Any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types.

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What is the difference between independent and dependent variables?

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Independent variables are manipulated by the researcher, while dependent variables are measured to see how they are affected.

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What is a control group?

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A group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment and is used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.

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What is a neutralization reaction?

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A chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt.

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What is the pH scale?

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A scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic), with 7 being neutral.

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What is the role of the diaphragm in a microscope?

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It adjusts the amount of light that reaches the specimen being observed.

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What does it mean when solid water is less dense than liquid water?

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Ice floats on water because its molecular structure causes it to be less dense than liquid water.

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What is a scientific theory?

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A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence.