Pioneer Species and Ecosystem Changes

Pioneer species break down rocks, beginning the formation of _____________________.

• mosses

• soil

• lichens

TWO examples of pioneer species are _____________________ and lichens.

• mosses
• soils

• rocks

The _________________ of organisms help them survive changes to an ecosystem.

• adaptations
• primary succession

• secondary succession

A forest fire is followed by _____________ succession.

• immediate

• primary

• secondary

The series of changes that occur in an area where no soil or organisms exist is called _______________ succession.

• immediate

• primary

• secondary

Which of the following is an abiotic resource?

• decomposer

• tree

• oil

• water

Which of the following is a biotic resource?

• decomposers

• water

• sunlight

• oxygen

Which of the following is not an environmental effect of clear-cutting forests?

• stripping rock and soil off mountaintops

• allowing nonnative species to increase

• releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the air

• destroying the habitats of organisms

Which of the following contributes to global warming?

• too much nitrogen

• too much oxygen

• too much carbon dioxide

• too many herbicides