AP Unit 3 Review

Which of the following best explains the process illustrated in the image?

• States increasingly relied on slave soldiers to establish large empires.

• The invention of the stirrup allowed expanding states to use cavalry more effectively.

• The development of new types of armor reduced casualties and allowed states to expand faster than before.

• States used gunpowder weapons to establish large empires.

The methods of warfare shown in the image were instrumental in explaining the territorial expansion of all of the following land-based empires EXCEPT

• the Safavid Empire

• the Qing (Manchu) Empire

• the Aztec (Mexica) Empire

• the Ottoman Empire

Which of the following explains the most common effect that the process illustrated in the image had on relationships between states in Afro-Eurasia in the period 1450–1750?

• It led to deepening rivalries and conflicts as states’ military capabilities grew.

• It led to the emergence of new religious disputes over theological interpretations.

• It led to the establishment of pan-Eurasian nomadic empires, such as the Mongol Empire.

• It led to the adoption of feudal systems of government, as monarchs could not prevent the rising power of military aristocracies.

Which of the following best describes the relationship that the Chinese and Aztec empires had with their respective peripheral states during the fifteenth century C.E.?

• Both empires used military force to severely limit the sovereignty of their peripheral states to their core states.

• Both empires welcomed the diffusion of cultural traditions from their peripheral territories.

• Both empires established tributary relationships with their peripheral states.

• Both empires actively sought to assimilate the citizens of their peripheral states into their respective core cultures.

Which of the following was an important continuity from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing dynasty in the seventeenth century?

• The ongoing assimilation of Manchu cultural traditions by the imperial elite

• Maintenance of the Silk Roads to promote cultural exchanges with the Middle East

• The use of the examination system and other Confucian bureaucratic practices

• Financial support for maritime expeditions similar to those led by Zheng He

Which of the following accurately describes a significant difference between the Ottoman and Mughal Empires in the early seventeenth century?

• The Mughals practiced religious tolerance toward non-Muslim subjects, while the Ottomans did not.

• The Ottomans ruled over people who were predominately Muslim, while the Mughals did not.

• The Mughals used gunpowder weapons to expand their territory, while the Ottomans did not.

• The Ottomans made Shia Islam the official state religion, while the Mughals made Buddhism the official state religion.

From 1400 to 1750, Eurasian rulers sponsored the arts primarily for which of the following reasons?

• To display power and legitimize their rule

• To spend excess money collected in taxes

• To encourage tourism and pilgrimages

• To increase employment opportunities for struggling artists

Which of the following describes a major cause of the expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?

• The Ottoman Empire successfully pursued mercantilist economic policies.

• Ottoman citizens unified by their recent conversion to Islam were strongly motivated to conquer.

• Exploitation of artillery and small arms gave the Ottomans advantages over many of their political rivals.

• The decentralized federalism of the Ottoman Empire encouraged competition and technological innovation.

The particular event depicted in the painting was likely important to Golkonda rulers mostly because it

• could be used as a symbol of the union between the state’s ruling class and the majority of its population

• provided a source of pride for Golkonda’s Muslim population by reminding them of the Muslim conquests of India

• led to the decline of patriarchal social structures in the Indian subcontinent

• illustrated the extent to which Golkonda elites relied on various forms of coerced labor

Which of the following most likely describes the fate of the Golkonda state after 1650?

• It expanded to control most of India.

• It was conquered by the Portuguese.

• It was conquered by the Mughal Empire.

• It was conquered by the Ottoman Empire.