3.1.2 - Engineering Design and the Scientific Method

What is the primary goal of engineering design?

• To invent new needs

• To create a single correct answer

• To develop a system, product, or process that solves a problem

• To avoid using technology

Answer explanation

The primary goal of engineering design is to develop a system, product, or process that effectively solves a problem, making this choice the most accurate among the options provided.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the engineering design process?

• It is closed-ended

• It involves finding a single correct answer

• It is open-ended

• It avoids using constraints

Answer explanation

The engineering design process is open-ended, allowing for multiple solutions and iterations. This characteristic encourages creativity and exploration, unlike closed-ended approaches that seek a single correct answer.

Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method?

• Ask a question

• Perform an experiment

• Invent a new need

• Gather and analyze data

Answer explanation

The scientific method involves steps like asking a question, performing experiments, and gathering data. 'Invent a new need' is not part of this process, making it the correct choice.

What is the first step in the scientific method?

• Conduct research

• Draw a conclusion

• Ask a question

• Perform an experiment

Answer explanation

The first step in the scientific method is to ask a question. This initiates the process of inquiry and sets the stage for further research and experimentation.

Explain the concept of engineering design.

• Engineering design is the application of scientific principles to create new theories.

• Engineering design is the creative application of technology to develop systems, products, or processes aimed at solving specific problems or meeting defined needs.

• Engineering design is the study of historical engineering practices.

• Engineering design is the process of learning about past engineering failures.

Answer explanation

The correct choice defines engineering design as the creative use of technology to develop solutions for specific problems, highlighting its purpose in creating systems, products, or processes to meet needs.

Describe the importance of identifying a need in engineering design.

• Identifying a need is optional in engineering design.

• Identifying a need is crucial because it serves as the foundation for the entire design process.

• Identifying a need is only important for large-scale projects.

• Identifying a need is irrelevant to the engineering design process.

Answer explanation

Identifying a need is crucial because it serves as the foundation for the entire design process. It ensures that the design addresses real problems and meets user requirements, guiding all subsequent decisions and solutions.

Explain how hybrid cars exemplify the engineering design process.

• Hybrid cars are an example of engineering design because they are expensive.

• By combining electric motors and batteries with gasoline engines to create a vehicle that efficiently uses energy.

• Hybrid cars are an example of engineering design because they are popular.

• Hybrid cars exemplify the engineering design process by being the fastest cars on the market.

Answer explanation

Hybrid cars exemplify the engineering design process by integrating electric motors and batteries with gasoline engines, optimizing energy efficiency and showcasing innovative engineering solutions.

Describe how engineers approach problem-solving in their work.

• Engineers approach problem-solving by ignoring constraints and criteria.

• Engineers approach problem-solving with a systematic mindset that emphasizes creativity, open-mindedness, and persistence.

• Engineers approach problem-solving by following a strict set of rules without deviation.

• Engineers approach problem-solving by relying solely on past solutions.

Answer explanation

Engineers use a systematic approach to problem-solving that values creativity and open-mindedness, allowing them to explore various solutions while being persistent in overcoming challenges.

Explain the role of creativity in engineering design.

• Creativity is not important in engineering design.

• It allows engineers to think outside the box, when necessary, and explore innovative solutions to complex problems.

• Creativity is only used in the initial stages of engineering design.

• Creativity is used to make engineering designs more aesthetically pleasing.

Answer explanation

Creativity is essential in engineering design as it enables engineers to devise innovative solutions and tackle complex challenges, going beyond conventional methods to enhance functionality and efficiency.

Describe the similarities between the engineering design process and the scientific method.

• Both involve a systematic approach and iterative nature.

• Only the engineering design process involves experimentation.

• The scientific method does not involve problem-solving.

• Both focus solely on theoretical research.

Answer explanation

Both the engineering design process and the scientific method follow a systematic approach and are iterative, allowing for refinement and improvement based on feedback and results.