Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for assembling amino acids into proteins.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What is homozygous?

Back

Homozygous refers to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as AA or aa.

Front

What is heterozygous?

Back

Heterozygous refers to an organism that has two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Aa.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

Gene expression is the process by which the information encoded in a gene is used to produce a functional product, typically a protein.

Front

What is the significance of the four nucleotides in DNA?

Back

The four nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) are the building blocks of DNA and determine the genetic code.

Front

What is the function of enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body, including those involved in metabolism.