Fall 2024 Finals Review A

What is the definition of velocity in physics?

• The rate of change of displacement with respect to time

• The total distance traveled divided by the total time taken

• The rate of change of speed with respect to time

• The force applied on an object divided by its mass

Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

• Velocity

• Displacement

• Speed

• Acceleration

A car travels 60 km north and then 80 km east. What is the magnitude of the car's displacement?

• 100 km

• 140 km

• 20 km

• 70 km

If a ball is thrown horizontally from a height of 20 meters, which of the following best describes its motion?

• The ball will move in a straight line

• The ball will move in a parabolic path

• The ball will move in a circular path

• The ball will move vertically downwards

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NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Using Newton's second law, calculate the acceleration of a 10 kg object when a force of 50 N is applied to it.

• 5 m/s²

• 0.5 m/s²

• 10 m/s²

• 50 m/s²

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NGSS.HS-PS2-1

A satellite orbits Earth in a circular path. Which force is responsible for keeping the satellite in orbit?

• Frictional force

• Gravitational force

• Tension force

• Normal force

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

Explain how Newton's third law of motion applies when a rocket launches.

• The rocket pushes against the air, and the air pushes back with equal force

• The rocket's engines create a vacuum, allowing it to move forward

• The rocket's mass decreases, causing it to accelerate

• The rocket's speed increases due to gravitational pull

A 5 kg object is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.

• 250 J

• 500 J

• 50 J

• 100 J

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NGSS.HS-PS3-2

Describe the energy transformation that occurs when a pendulum swings from its highest point to its lowest point.

• Kinetic energy to potential energy

• Potential energy to kinetic energy

• Thermal energy to potential energy

• Chemical energy to kinetic energy

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

In a collision between two cars, car A has a mass of 1000 kg and is moving at 20 m/s, while car B has a mass of 1500 kg and is at rest. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, what is the velocity of the combined mass after the collision?

• 8 m/s

• 12 m/s

• 20 m/s

• 5 m/s

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NGSS.HS-PS2-2