bash return codes

In Linux, return codes from executed commands are ...

• standardized across all commands, at least in theory

• standardized only on core kernel commands, at least in theory

• standardized only on core kernel commands only

• standardized for common errors, at least in theory

• no real convention exists

Answer explanation

You can glimpse over this.

https://linuxvox.com/blog/are-there-any-standard-exit-status-codes-in-linux/

What will the return code likely be?

• 0

• >0

• Depends on the contents of the file

Answer explanation

The return code is likely 0, indicating success. A return code of >0 typically signifies an error, while 'depends on the contents of the file' is too vague. Therefore, 0 is the most appropriate choice.

What does this likely mean?

Answer explanation

The file command doesn't use exit codes to convey the results, since it outputs them to stdout.

What is the exit code likely to be?

• 0

• >0

Answer explanation

Return code refers to the last command executed, which in this case is echo, not ls.

I thought of pipes & redirects as arguments & did this to check. According to the results, which are treated as arguments?

• pipes

• redirects

• both

• neither

Answer explanation

Pipes and redirects are not treated as arguments in command-line interfaces. They are mechanisms for data flow and output redirection, respectively, rather than direct input parameters for commands.

What will the exit code likely be?

• 0

• >0

Answer explanation

Again, exit code is generated by the very last command executed. What is it this time?

What is the return code?

• 0

• >0

Answer explanation

Again, exit code is generated by the very last command executed. What is it this time?

Check all statements that are true, and click Submit.

Cuckoo birds are famous for making other birds raise their young. Magpies often recognize eggs & chicks that are not their own, and are famous for being especially intelligent, like using tools & mourning their dead. In some areas where they overlap...

• cuckoo birds lay eggs in magpie nests

• cuckoos will destroy nests where magpies threw out imposter eggs.

• cuckoo chicks will release a chemical that repels predators, raising survival rates for themselves & magpie chicks in the same nest

• magpie chicks generally survive along with cuckoo nestmates

• In these nests, cuckoo birds basically run a mafia protection racket